The Fourth Alabama Painting by Don Troiani

Department of Washington

Acting Brigadier General J H McCunn

Captain J H Lane, Frontier Guards

Independent Companies

Major & Paymaster D Hunter, United States Pay Department

Washington Clay Guards Battalion

Maj. J W Nye
Governor J W Nye, Nevada Territory, was appointed first lieutenant, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, at Willard's Hotel, corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and North Fourteenth Street, Washington, D. C., in the evening on 18 April, 1861, and major, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, dated April, 1861.

First Company: CAPT. D Webb
D Webb, State of New York, was appointed captain, First Company, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, at Washington, D. C., dated April, 1861, and major, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, on 27 April, 1861.
Second Company: CAPT. J E Vinton
J E Vinton, State of Wisconsin, was appointed captain, Second Company, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, at Washington, D. C., dated 18 April, 1861.

The Washington Clay Guards (120) was organised at Willard's Hotel, corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and North Fourteenth Street, Washington, D. C., by Russian Foreign Minister C H Clay, State of Kentucky, in the evening on 18 April, 1861.

Note: Colonel D Butterfield, 12th New York State Militia, was temporarily appointed first sergeant, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, in the evening on 18 April, 1861 (See the Independent Companies, Department of Washington).

Guard duty, Washington Navy Yard, on South M Street, between East Sixth & Ninth Streets, Washington, D. C., 24 April, 1861: The Frontier Guards and the Washington Clay Guards Battalion, under the command of Major C M Clay, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, were assigned to guard duty at the Washington Navy Yard, on South M Street, between East Sixth and Ninth Streets, Washington, D. C., at 9 PM on 24 April, 1861.

Disbanded & honourably discharged, War Department, Washington, D. C., 1 May, 1861: The Washington Clay Guards Battalion (300), under the command of Major D J W Nye, was ordered to be disbanded and honourably discharged by the War Department at Washington, D. C., on 1 May, 1861.

Note: Congressman J H Campbell, State of Pennsylvania, arrived at Washington, D. C., on 19 April, 1861, and was assigned to the Washington Clay Guards Battalion between 19 April and 1 May, 1861. He was appointed, major, 25th Pennsylvania Infantry, on 1 May, 1861 (See the 25th Pennsylvania Infantry). Organised at Washington, D. C., 18 April 1861; Department of Washington, 18 April-1 May, 1861

Frontier Guards

Capt. J H Lane

The Frontier Guards (75/120) was organised at Willard's Hotel, corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and North Fourteenth Street, Washington, D. C., under the command of Captain J H Lane, on 18 April, 1861, and was ordered to the Executive Mansion/ President's House, on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., at 9 PM the same day.

Organisation of Frontier Guards, Willard's Hotel, corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and North Fourteenth Street, Washington, D. C., 18 April, 1861: Captain J H Lane, First Lieutenant M W Delahay, Second Lieutenant J B Stockton

Note: A detachment of the Frontier Guards (60) was stationed at the East Room, President's House/ Executive Mansion, on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., on 19 April, 1861,

Troops stationed at Executive Mansion/ President's House, on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., 22 April, 1861: Frontier Guards (120), Captain J H Lane; Union Regiment/ Volunteers (40), Company B, Captain J Kelly (See the District of Columbia Militia, Department of Washington).

Guard duty at Washington Navy Yard, on South M Street, between East Sixth & Ninth Streets, Washington, D. C., 24 April, 1861: The Frontier Guards and the Washington Clay Guards Battalion, under the command of Major C M Clay, Washington Clay Guards Battalion, were assigned to guard duty at the Washington Navy Yard, on South M Street, between East Sixth and Ninth Streets, Washington, D. C., at 9 PM on 24 April, 1861.

Note: A detachment of the Frontier Guards (12/15), under the command of Second Lieutenant J B Stockton, was ordered across the Navy Yard Bridge, on the Eastern Branch of the Potomac River/ Anacostia River, Washington, D. C., in the evening on 24 April, 1861.

Discharged & honourably discharged, south grounds of the President's House/ Executive Mansion, on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., 3 May, dated 27 April, 1861: The Frontier Guards was disbanded and honourably discharged at the south grounds of the President's House/ Executive Mansion, on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., on 3 May, 1861, dated 27 April, 1861.

Note: Senator J H Lane, State of Kansas, arrived at Willard's Hotel, corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and North Fourteenth Street, Washington, D. C., on 13 April, 1861, and Mr D McCook, Sr., was assigned to the Frontier Guards at the East Room, Executive Mansion/ President's House, on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., in the evening on 18 April, 1861 (See the 1st Ohio Infantry).
Organised at Washington, D. C., 18 April 1861; Department of Washington, 18 April-3 May, 1861, dated 27 April, 1861

Books/ Manuscripts

The life of Cassius Marcellus Clay: Memoirs, writings, and speeches, showing his conduct in the overthrow of American slavery, the salvation of the Union, and the restoration of the autonomy of the States, Volume I, by Cassius Marcellus Clay

Lincoln's abolitionist general: The biography of David Hunter, by Edward A Miller

The siege of Washington: The untold story of the twelve days that shook the Union, by John Lockwood and Charles Lockwood

A history of the national capital from its foundation through the period of the adoption of the organic act, Volume 2, by Wilhelmus Bogart Bryan

Notes

Department of Washington, 9 April-17 August, 1861

Brevet Colonel & Lieutenant Colonel C F Smith, 10th United States Infantry, was assigned to command the troops in and around Washington, D. C., by General Orders No.1, Headquarters, Troops in Washington, D. C., on 7 April, 1861.

General Orders No.9, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., 9 April, 1861: A military department, taken from the Department of the East, and called the Department of Washington, consisting of the state of Maryland, and the District of Columbia according to its original boundary, Headquarters Washington, D. C., under the command of Brevet Colonel & Lieutenant Colonel C F Smith, 10th United States Infantry, was set up by General Orders No.9, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 9 April, 1861.

Note: Brevet Colonel & Lieutenant Colonel C F Smith, 10th United States Infantry, arrived at Washington, D. C., on 10 April, 1861, and was assigned to command the Department of Washington between 9 and 21 April, 1861. He was appointed superintendent of the recruiting service at Fort Columbus, on Governor's Island, Governor's Island, west of Buttermilk Channel, New York Harbour, opposite Brooklyn, Kings County, New York, by General Orders No.12, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 27 April, 1861.

General Orders No.3, Headquarters of the Army, Washington, D. C., 19 April, 1861: Major General R E Patterson, Pennsylvania Volunteers, was assigned to command the Department of Washington between 19 and 26 April, 1861, by General Orders No.3, Headquarters of the Army, Washington, D. C., on 19 April, 1861.

Note: The states of Pennsylvania and Delaware were transferred from the Department of the East to the Department of Washington on 19 April, 1861, and Major General R E Patterson, Pennsylvania Volunteers, assumed command of the Department of Washington on 22 April, 1861. A third department, called the Department of Pennsylvania, including the states of Pennsylavania and Delaware and all of Maryland, not embraced in the Departments of Washington and Maryland, Headquarters at Philadelphia, under the command of Major General R E Patterson, Pennsylvania Volunteers, was set up by General Orders No.12, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 27 April, 1861 (See the Department of Pennsylvania).

General Orders No.12, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., 27 April, 1861: The Department of Washington including the District of Columbia, according to its original boundary, Fort Washington and the county adjacent, and the state of Maryland as far as Bladensburg, inclusive, Headquarters Washington, D. C., under the command of Inspector General & Colonel J K F Mansfield, United States Army, was set up by General Orders No.12, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 27 April, 1861.

Note: Inspector General & Colonel J K F Mansfield, United States Army, arrived at Washington, D. C., and assumed command of the Department of Washington on 28 April, 1861.

General Orders No.47, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., 25 July, 1861: The the counties of Prince George, Montgomery, and Frederick were added to the Department of Washington and the Departments of Washington and Northeastern Virginia were assigned to a geographical Division, Headquarters Washington, D. C., under the command of Major General G B McClellan, United States Army, by General Orders No.47, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 25 July, 1861.

Major General G B McClellan, United States Army, assumed command of the Military Division of the Potomac by General Orders No.1, Headquarters, Division of the Potomac, Washington, D. C., on 27 July, 1861.

Department of Northeastern Virginia, 27 May-17 August, 1861

Brevet Major, First Lieutenant, & Assistant Adjutant General I McDowell, United States Army, was appointed brigadier general, United States Army, by General Orders No.64, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 22 August, 1861, dated 14 May, 1861.

General Orders No.26, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., 27 May, 1861: All the part of Virginia, east of the Allegheny mountains and north of the James River, except Fort Monroe, Artillery School of Practice, Old Point Comfort, Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and sixty miles around the same, constituted a new military department, Headquarters movable according to circumstances, under the command of Brigadier General I McDowell, United States Army, was set up by General Orders No.26, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 27 May, 1861.

General Orders No.47, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., 25 July, 1861: The Departments of Washington and Northeastern Virginia were assigned to a geographical Division, Headquarters Washington, D. C., under the command of Major General G B McClellan, United States Army, by General Orders No.47, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 25 July, 1861.

Major General G B McClellan, United States Army, assumed command of the Military Division of the Potomac by General Orders No.1, Headquarters, Division of the Potomac, Washington, D. C., on 27 July, 1861.

Department of the Potomac, August 17, 1861

Major General G B McClellan, United States Army, was assigned to command the Department of the Potomac, Headquarters at Washington, D. C., by General Orders, No. 15, Headquarters of the Army, Washington, D. C., on August 17, 1861.

General Orders No. 15, Headquarters of the Army, Washington, D. C., August 17, 1861: The Departments of Washington and Northeastern Virginia will be united into one, to which will be annexed the Valley of the Shenandoah, the whole of Maryland and of Delaware, to be denominated the Department of the Potomac, Headquarters at Washington, D. C., by General Orders No. 15, Headquarters of the Army, Washington, D. C., August 17, 1861.

Note: Inspector General & Colonel J K F Mansfield, United States Army, was appointed brevet brigadier general and brigadier general, United States Army, by General Orders No.64, Paragraph I, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 22 August, 1861, dated 6 and 14 May, 1861, respectively.