The Fourth Alabama Painting by Don Troiani

Unassigned, Army of the Shenandoah

Colonel J E B Stuart, 1st Virginia Cavalry

Colonel J E B Stuart, 1st Virginia Cavalry

First Virginia Cavalry

Mustered in Confederate service for one year dated 1 July, 1861. Arrived at Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 20 July, 1861. Stationed in the rear between Ball's and Island Fords, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861

COLONEL J E B STUART
J E B Stuart was appointed lieutenant colonel, Virginia Volunteers, on 8 May, 1861, and was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.34, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 9 May, 1861. Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart, Virginia Volunteers, was appointed captain, cavalry, Confederate States Army, on 24 May, 1861, dated 16 March, 1861, and colonel, 1st Virginia Cavalry, on 16 July, 1861. He was assigned to command the cavalry of the Army of the Shenandoah at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861, and was appointed brigadier general, Confederate States Army, on 24 September, 1861.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL F LEE
First Lieutenant F Lee, 2nd United States Cavalry, Company B, resigned dated 21 May, 1861, and was appointed first lieutenant, cavalry, Confederate States Army, on 3 April, 1861, dated 16 March, 1861. First Lieutenant F Lee, cavalry, Confederate States Army, was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.96, Paragraph X, Adjutant & Inspectors General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 13 July, 1861, and was appointed acting assistant adjutant general to Brigadier General R S Ewell, Confederate States Army, on 21 July, 1861. He was appointed as lieutenant colonel, 1st Virginia Cavalry, on 29 September, 1861.

MAJOR R SWAN
R Swan was appointed major, 1st Virginia Cavalry, on 16 July, 1861.

Company A Newtown Light Dragoons: CAPT. J H DRAKE
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Newtown, Frederick County, Virginia, on 19 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861. Second Lieutenant J S Larrick, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company A, was assigned to command 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company A, at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861.
Company B Berkeley Troop: CAPT. J B HOGE
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 19 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861. Captain J B Hoge, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company B, resigned at Camp Onward, Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 23 August, 1861.
Company C 1st Rockbridge Dragoons: CAPT. M X WHITE, Jr.
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, on 18 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861.
Company D (1st) Clarke Cavalry: CAPT. J F HARDESTY
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Berryville, Clarke County, Virginia, on 18 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861. Captain J F Hardesty, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company D, resigned in the morning on 21 July, 1861, and H M Nelson was appointed captain, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company D, at Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, the same day. First Lieutenant W Taylor, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company D, was assigned to command the company at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861, and the resignation of Captain J F Hardesty, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company D, was accepted by Special Orders No.127, Paragraph XV, Adjutant & Inspectors General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 18 August, 1861, and the company was assigned to the 6th Virginia Cavalry, Company D, by Special Orders No.414, Headquarters, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 9 October, 1861.
Company E Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry: CAPT. W PATRICK
The company was accepted in state service for one year at New Hope/ Waynesboro, Augusta County, Virginia, on 19 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861, dated 2 May, 1861.
Company F Shepherdstown Troop: CAPT. W A MORGAN
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 18 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861.
Company G (1st) Fauquier Mountain Rangers: CAPT. T Ashby
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Markham, Fauquier County, Virginia, under the command of Captain T Ashby, on 17 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year as the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861. The company was assigned to the 7th Virginia Cavalry, Company A, at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, on 17 June, 1861 (See the 7th Virginia Cavalry).
Company G (2nd) Amelia Light Dragoons: CAPT. C R IRVING
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Amelia Courthouse, on the Richmond & Danville Railroad, Amelia County, Virginia, under the command of Captain S S Weisiger, on 9 May, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, by Lieutenant Colonel R S Ewell, cavalry, Provisional Army of Virginia, on 10 May, 1861. The company was assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (2nd), at Camp Jeff Davis, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 9 July, 1861, and Captain S S Weisiger's, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (2nd) resignation was accepted by Special Orders No.128, Paragraph X, Adjutant & Inspectors General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 18 July, 1861, dated 19 August, 1861. First Lieutenant C R Irving, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (2nd), was appointed captain, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (2nd), at Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 21 July, 1861 (See the Second Brigade, Army of the Potomac).
Company H Loudoun Light Horse, 132nd Virginia Militia (Loudoun County): CAPT. R W CARTER
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Union, Loudoun County, Virginia, on 27 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861. The company was assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company H, at Camp Jeff Davis, two miles south of Snodgrass/ Big Spring, on the Martinsburg Turnpike, one and a half miles south of Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 12 PM on 16 June, 1861.
Company I Harrisonburg Cavalry: CAPT. T L YANCEY
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, Virginia, on 22 May, 1861.
Company K (1st) Rockingham Cavalry/ River Rangers: CAPT. E S YANCEY
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Harrisonburg/ McGaheysville, Rockingham County, Virginia, on 28 May, 1861, and was was assigned to the 6th Virginia Cavalry, Company C, by Special Orders No.414, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 9 October, 1861.
Company L (1st)/D (2nd) Washington Mounted Rifles: CAPT. W E JONES
The company was accepted in state service at Abingdon, Washington County, Virginia, on 14 May, 1861, and was assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company L (1st)/D (2nd), at Camp Jeff Davis, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 9 July, 1861. Captain W E Jones, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company L (1st)/D (2nd), was appointed colonel, 1st Virginia Cavalry, on 28 September, 1861.
Company L (2nd) Gloucester Light Dragoons: CAPT. J W PULLER
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Gloucester Courthouse, Gloucester County, Virginia, on 7 May, 1861, and was mustered in state service at Gloucester Point, Gloucester County, Virginia, by Major P R Page, Virginia Volunteers, on 10 May, 1861. The company was temporarily assigned to the 26th Virginia Infantry between 31 August, 1861, and 28 February, 1862, and to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company L (2nd), dated April, 1862. The company was assigned to the 5th Virginia Cavalry, Company A, by Special Orders No.146, Adjutant & Inspector General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 25 June, 1862.
Company M/K (2nd) Howard Dragoons: CAPT. G R GAITHER, Jr.
The company was accepted in Virginia state service for the war at Leesburg, Loudoun County, Virginia, on 14 May, 1861, and was assigned to the 7th Virginia Cavalry, Company B (1st), under the command of Colonel A W McDonald, Sr., at Winchester, frederick County, Virginia, on 17 June, 1861. The company declined Confederate service with the 7th Virginia Cavalry due to dissatisfaction at Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, on 17 July, 1861, and was assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies M/K (2nd), at Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, Virginia, on 19 July, 1861. The company was mustered in Virginia state/ Confederate service for the war at Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 28 July, 1861, and was assigned to the 1st Maryland Cavalry, Company K, by Special Orders, No.185, Paragraph X, Adjutant & Inspector General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 6 August, 1864 (See the 7th Virginia Cavalry).
Company N Natchez Cavalry/ Adams Troop: CAPT. W T MARTIN
The company was accepted in state service for the war at Jackson, Hinds County, Mississippi, on 13 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for the war by First Lieutenant D Walworth, Adams Light Guard No.1, Mississippi Volunteers, at Natchez, Adams County, Mississippi, on 18 May, 1861. The company was mustered in Confederate service for the war at Lynchburg, Campbell County, Virginia, by Major & Assistant Adjutant General H L Clay, Confederate States Army, on 26 June, 1861, and was temporarily assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company N, at Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 31 August, 1861. The company was assigned to the 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry, Company A, under the command of Major W T Martin, at Camp Cooper, two and a half miles east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, under the command of Major W T Martin, by Special Orders No.188, Adjutant & Inspectors General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 October, 1861. The 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry was designated the Jeff Davis Legion, Mississippi Cavalry, on 7 December, 1861.
Company O Sumter Mounted Guards: CAPT. W M STONE
The company was accepted in Confederate service for one month at Livingston, Sumter County, Alabama, on 29 June, 1861, and was mustered in Confederate service for one month by Major & Assistant Quartermaster J L Calhoun, Confederate States Army, at Montgomery, Montgomery, County, Alabama, on 10 August, 1861. The company was assigned to the 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry, Company D, at Camp Cooper, two and a half miles west of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, under the command of Major W T Martin, by Special Orders No.188, Adjutant & Inspectors General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 October, 1861.

Organisation of 1st Virginia Cavalry at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861: Colonel J E B Stuart, Lieutenant Colonel E T H Warren, Major R Swan; Company A, Newtown Light Dragoons, Captain J H Drake*; Company B, Berkeley Troop, Captain J B Hoge; Company C, 1st Rockbridge Dragoons, Captain M X White, Jr.; Company D (1st), Clarke Cavalry, Captain J F Hardesty*; Company E, Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry*, Captain W Patrick; Company F, Shepherdstown Troop, Captain W A Morgan; Company G, Amelia Light Dragoons, Captain C R Irving; Company H, Loudoun Light Horse, Captain R W Carter; Company I, Harrisonburg Cavalry, Captain T L Yancey; Company K (1st), Rockingham Cavalry/ River Rangers, Captain E S Yancey; Company L (1st)/D (2nd), Washington Mounted Rifles, Captain W E Jones; Company L (1st)/D (2nd), Washington Mounted Rifles, Captain W E Jones; Company M/K (2nd), Howard Dragoons, Captain G R Gaither, Jr.

*Not present at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861

Sources

"Amelia Co., Va., 17 April, 1861 - We are all ready and prepared for any emergency. The gallant Weisiger has his Troop encamped at Amelia Court House. The Amelia Rifles and Greys will be in today. Capt. E. Harvie, of the Southern Confederacy Army, is with us, drilling the companies."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 18 April, 1861 - Amelia in the field, and ready for the conflict

"By order of Gen. Harman, the Rockbridge Rifles (Capt. Letcher) left today at 1 o'clock for Staunton. They number near 100 able-bodied men. This evening the Rockbridge Troop, (Capt. White,) 80 strong, leave for Staunton, and the Troop in the lower end of our county, (Capt. McNutt,) goes with them."

Staunton Spectator (Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia), 20 April, 1861 - Troops in motion

"The New Hope Cavalry, Capt. Patrick, started Friday on the same route."

Staunton Spectator (Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia), 23 April, 1861 - Marching of troops

"The Howard Dragoons, Capt. Gaither, from Howard county, reached the city yesterday afternoon, and reported at headquarters."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 24 April, 1861 - Affairs at Baltimore

"Capt. Weisiger, of one of the Amelia troops, accidentally shot himself in the leg with a pistol on Friday, at Amelia Court House, inflicting a flesh wound four inches in length. He will, however, soon be ready for service."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 1 May, 1861 - Accident

"Loudoun has already some 400 volunteers mustered into service of the state - belonging respectively to the 'Loudoun Guards,' Capt. Tebbs; the 'Loudoun Artillery,'Capt. Rogers; the 'Loudoun Cavalry,' Capt. Shreve; the 'Hillsborough Border Guards,' Capt. Heaton. Besides these is a company of Cavalry attached to the 132d. Regiment, Capt. Carter, numbering 85."

Alexandria Gazette (Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia), 2 May, 1861 - Loudoun items

"The Amelia Troop, 70 strong, Lieut. Irving commanding, arrived in the city yesterday evening, and were quartered at Trinity Church, Franklin street. Their baggage arrived by the cars early in the day. The troop leaves for Ashland today, at ten o'clock."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 10 May, 1861 - Amelia Troop

"Camp Ashland, Hanover co., Va., 12 May, 1861 - Among the troops encamped here are the following companies: Cavalry - Governor's Guard; Chesterfield, company B; Hanover Troop; Henrico Troop; Amelia Light Dragoons."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 14 May, 1861 - From the camp at Ashland

"The First Regiment of Virginia Volunteer Cavalry has been made up as follows: 1. Chesterfield Troop, Capt. Wm. M. Ball; 2. Gov.'s Mounted Guard, Richmond, Capt. J. G. Cabell; 3. Hanover Troop, Capt. Wms. C. Wickham; 4. Henrico Troop, Capt. Z. S. McGruder; 5. Amelia Troop, Capt. S. S. Weisiger; 6. Goochland Troop, Capt. Julian Harrison; 7. Meckenburg Troop, Capt. Thomas F. Goode; 8. Pittsylvania Troop, Capt. C. E. Flourney; 9. Cumberland Troop, Capt. Henry R. Johnson; 10. Charlotte Troop, Capt. John G. Smith. This regiment goes at once into a camp of instruction, at Ashland, under the command of Lieut. Col. R. S. Ewell, late of the U. S. Army."

Richmond Enquirer (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 17 May, 1861 - Cavalry regiment

"Harper's Ferry, 21 May - There is a considerable force below us at the Point of Rocks, prepared to resist the passage of troops over the Bridge or up the Railroad. Among the Virginia forces there, we hear of Capt. Ashby's Mounted Rangers, Capt. Roger's Loudoun Artillery, a part of Capt. Imboden's command from this post, Capt. Carter's Company of Cavalry, and Captain Winfield's Company of Rifles."

Alexandria Gazette (Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia), 23 May, 1861 - Letter from Harper's Ferry

"Harrisonburg, 23 May, 1861 - The Cavalry company have just left, having received orders on Tuesday. They are commanded by Capt. Tom Yancey, of this town, a very able and facetious lawyer and State's Attorney."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 25 May, 1861 - Affairs in Rockingham

"Capt. E. S. Yancey's troop of Cavalry, the River Rangers;, moved from Harrisonburg, on Wednesday last, under orders. They were ordered to Harper's Ferry. It is a fine looking company of gallant young men, with strong arms and brave hearts, who will do honor to old Rockingham wherever they may be placed."

Staunton Spectator (Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia), 4 June, 1861

"Winchester, Va., 4 June, 1861 - On Thursday last a splendid troop of cavalry from Rockingham county, under the command of Captain Yancey, from McGaheysville, passed through town. Captain Yancey is the third brother who have command of volunteers from that county, one of whom is in command of another troop of horse, and the other of a company of light infantry."

Staunton Spectator (Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia), 8 June, 1861 - From Winchester

"Capt. S. S. Weisiger, Amelia Light Dragoons, has sufficiently recovered from an accidental wound, and has assumed the command of his company, now at Ashland."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 12 June, 1861

"We learn from a reliable source that a skirmish took place, on Friday last, near Williamsport, Md., between Capt. R. W. Carter's Loudoun Cavalry and an advance party of Federal troops stationed on the Maryland side of the river."

Democratic Mirror (Leesburg, Loudoun County, Virginia), 13 June, 1861 - Skirmishes in Berkeley and Prince William, Twenty-one of the enemy bagged

"Williamsport, Md., via Hagerstow, 14 June - A gentleman who arrived here this morning who visited Steuart's camp at Hainesville, four miles this side of Martinsburg, last evening, says the camp has been broken up, and the troops moved off in the direction of Martinsburg."

Sun (Baltimore City, Maryland), 15 June, 1861 - The retreat of the Confederate Army confirmed. Destruction of bridges. Government property destroyed

"Martinsburg, 5 July - from a prisoner I obtained the following particulars concerning the First Virginia Regiment of Cavalry, which was engaged in the action at Hainesville: Loudoun County Cavalry, 50 men, Captain carter; Rockingham County Cavalry, 60 men, Captain White; three other companies from counties unknown, commanded by Captain Yancey, 50 men; Captain Hoge, 75 men, and Captain Doyle, 60 men. Besides these there were four other companies, the names of whose Captains my informant could not give me."

American and Commercial Advertiser (Baltimore City, Maryland), 9 July, 1861 - The advance of Gen. Patterson's Corps de Armee

"Harrisonburg Cavalry - Another gallant soldier gone - We learn that our young friends, George W. Messick, son of Gessner Messick, of this vicinity, a member of Captain T. L. Yancey’s troop of cavalry, was killed in the battle of Sunday last, near Manassas Junction. He had, we learn, been ordered to make a charge for the rescue of some prisoners, when he received a shot in the head, which killed him instantly. He was a gallant soldier, and met his death like a patriot."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 29 July, 1861: Another gallant soldier gone

"In the great battle of the 21st, four Rockbridge companies, to wit: the College company, under Capt. White (James,) the Rifle company, under Capt. Letcher, the Grays, under Capt. Updike. and the Rockbridge Artillery, under Capt. Pendleton, (besides Yeatman's company, more than half from Rockdridge,) were in the hottest of the fight, and drove the Zouaves before them at the point of the bayonet. I send you herewith a printed list of killed and wounded in those companies, as far as yet ascertained. I believe Captain M. X. White's Horse Company was also in the fight, but I have received no account of it."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), , 2 August, 1861: The Rockbridge Troop!

"Col. J. E. B. Stuart arranged the companies so that the first organized were in advance; the oldest being Capt. Carter's, as it was a company prior to John Brown's invasion. At the time when the New York Zouaves were attempting to outflank Capt. Imboden's battery, (which had done such able service,) Col. Stuart gave the order to charge to the Cavalry, which was gallantly and daringly obeyed by the Loudoun Cavalry. Leaping a fence, and through balls thick enough to blind them, they succeeded in breaking the lines of the Zouaves, who were around Sherman's battery, which rendered that an easy conquest afterwards. This was the only company who charged at that time, owing, it is thought, to the fact that the Clark Cavalry did not understand the command; hence the dreadful havoc in Captain Carter's ranks, who charged forward with only thirty-three men. (Messrs. J. T. Carter, Gus Carter, T. Leath, C. Shamlin, Plaster, and F. Carter having been detailed on other duty, were absent)."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 5 August, 1861 - Report of Captain Welby Carter's company

Books/ Manuscripts

Supplement to the Official Records: Part II, Record of Events, Volume 69, Serial No.81: Record of events for First Virginia Cavalry, May 1861-August 1864, edited by James B. Hewett

The Virginia Regimental Histories Series, First Virginia Cavalry, Second Edition, by R. J. Driver, Jr.

In memory of self and comrades: Thomas Wallace Colley's recollections of Civil War service in the 1st Virginia Cavalry, edited by Michael K. Shaffer - Voices of the Civil War, Michael P. Gray, Series Edition

Roster of the Amelia Troop, which constituted Company 'G,' First Regiment Virginia Cavalry, from the beginning to the end of the Confederate war: Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume XXXVIII, pp16-21, compiled by George M Wilson

"The cavalry under Stuart's command in June 1861, numbered only twenty-one officers and three hundred and thirteen men present for duty."

The life and campaigns of Major General J. E. B Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the Army of Northern Virginia, by H. B. McClellan, A. M., late Major, Assistant Adjutant General, and Chief of Staff of the Cavalry Corps, Army of Northern Virginia

With pen & saber: The letters and diaries of J. E. B. Stuart's staff officers, by Robert J. Trout

War years with JEB Stuart, by Lieut. Colonel W. W. Blackford, C. S. A.

"This company, with eleven other companies, constituted then the 1st Regiment of cavalry, and was commanded by Colonel J. E. B. Stuart until after First Manassas, in which battle he charged Heintzelman's Zouaves with Company D and the Loudoun company. The gallant Lieutenant David H. Allen was killed, F. H. Calmes and Magner were wounded in this charge, and nine men of Loudoun company killed."

Company D, Clarke Cavalry, history and roster of this command, which fought gallantly: Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume XXIV, p145-151, by Joseph H Shepherd, from the Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 19 April, 1896

The Virginia Regimental Histories Series, Sixth Virginia Cavalry, Second Edition, by M. Musick

A guide to Virginia military organisations 1861-1865, Revised Second Edition by I. A. Wallace, Jr.

"When we left the Valley, Stuart sent Captain Patrick's company to watch Patterson, whose army was in camp at Charles Town, and to screen the transfer of the army to the east of the Blue Ridge."

"Our regiment was divided during the battle, and the squadron to which I belonged was placed under a Major Swan, a Marylander."

"Our regiment had been divided in the morning; half was taken to charge the enemy early in the action and the remaining part (ours and Amelia Co.) were held as a reserve, to cover the retreat of our forces, if unsuccessful, and to take advantage of any favorable moment."

The memoirs of Colonel John S. Mosby, by John S. Mosby

Private John S. Mosby, First Virginia Cavalry: Picketing Fairfax County before becoming the Confederacy's "Gray Ghost", by Gregory P. Mosby

Letter by Second Sergeant John H. Ervine, First Virginia Cavalry, Company I, Berkeley County, 18 June, 1861, Virginia Military Institute

William Edmondson "Grumble" Jones: The life of a cantankerous Confederate, by James Buchanan Ballard

"We had almost daily skirmishing with the Federal Army until we were ordered to Manassas, 19th July, 1861. July 21st, 1861, about 2 o'clock P. M. the first regiment was ordered to charge the New York Zouaves. My captain and 1st Lieut. being absent, I was in command of my Co.; 1st Sergt. Holmes Conrad (V. M. I., '58), 2nd in command; loss: 11 horses killed, no men."

The Corps forward: The biographical sketches of the VMI Cadets who fought in the battle of New Market, 136, James Septimus Larrick, by Colonel William Couper

"This was Scotts grand effort and he was completely routed. Many were killed and many were wounded. Among the killed was Wm. Lee, Sally Robbins husband. None of our Shepherdstown company were killed or wounded. They were not immediately engaged. Report says that Colonel Allen hacked and lost 3 horses from my company. You must excuse this style of writing as I am in a great hurry."

Correspondence of Colonel William A. Morgan, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company F, 1853-1889, Albert H. Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia

"A vacancy having occurred in the captaincy of his old company, the Clarke Cavalry, he was elected to fill it, on the day of the first battle of Manassas. Immediately on hearing of this election, notwithstanding his very delicate health, he set off to assume command, but of necessity too late to take part in that glorious day, which was to him a keen disappointment."

The University memorial: Biographical sketches of alumni of the University of Virginia who fell in the Confederate War, five Volumes in one, by Rev. John Lipscomb Johnson, B. A.

"The first service the company did was to picket at Edward's Ferry, on the Potomac River, at which place and at Leesburg it remained until about the 15 of June, 1861, when the company was sent to Winchester and reported to Colonel Angus McDonald, wit whom it marched to Romney, having been united with Captain Turner Ashby's company."

"On July 18, when General Johnston started from Winchester to the relief of Beauregard, who had been attacked at Manassas, Captain Gaither was ordered to Berryville with his company, there to remain until the last of the infantry had crossed the Shenandoah River, when he was to report to Colonel J. E. B. Stuart, in command of the First Virginia Cavalry, and captain Gaither joined Colonel Stuart at Piedmont, and then the company became known as Company M, Colonel Stuart having so designated it."

The Maryland Line in the Confederate Army, 1861-1861, by W. W. Goldsborough

"Before that the separate companies had been parceled out to different infantry brigades for orderly and escort duty and on the eve of the fight the two regiments were so depleted by detachments for similar purposes that neither one had more than 150 men left for action."

Bull Run Remembers, by Joseph M. Hanson

"A little later a Maryland company commanded by Captain George Gaither, reported to me at Leesburg, and became temporarily a part of my command."

Autobiography of Eppa Hunton

"The first conflict for which they were ordered out, was the battle of Manassas, which occurred July 21st, 1861."

Aler's history of Martinsburg and Berkeley County, West Virginia, by F. Vernon Aler

History of Southwest Virginia, 1746-1786, Washington County, 1777-1870, by Lewis Preston Summers of the Abingdon Bar, Alumnus of the University of Virginia, and of Tulane University, Louisiana, and Member of the Virginia Historical Society

"While Stuart roamed the field seeking opportunities to insert his troopers in the action, Jones' command remained in reserve under the direction of Major Swan."

Washington County, Virginia, in the Civil War, by Michael Shaffer

Notes

The Newtown Light Dragoons, the Berkeley Troop, the 1st Rockbridge Dragoons (No.1), the Clarke Cavalry, the Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry, the Shepherdstown Troop, and the Loudoun Light Horse, under the command of Acting Colonel & Captain J H Drake, Newtown Light Dragoons, were stationed at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 3 May, 1861, and the 1st Virginia Cavalry on 11 May, 1861.

Seizure of United States Arsenal & Armory, Harpers Ferry, 19 April, 1861

The Fauquier Mountain Rangers was ordered to seize the United States Arsenal and Armory, on North Potomac/ Cliff and Shenandoah Streets, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 17 April, 1861.

Markham, Fauquier County, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Company G (1st), 17-19 April, 1861: The Fauquier Mountain Rangers, under the command of First Lieutenant R Ashby, was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 17 April, 1861, and was accompanied by the Black Horse Troop, under the command of First Lieutenant B Randolph. The company arrived at Halltown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 18 April, 1861, and at Bolivar Heights/ Furnance Ridge, west of Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, at 10 PM the same day. The Fauquier Mountain Rangers, under the command of Captain T Ashby, was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, at 12/1 AM on 19 April, 1861 (See the Munford's Squadron Cavalry).

Martinsburg, Berkeley County; Berryville, Clarke County; & Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Companies B, D (1st), & F, 19 April, 1861: The Berkeley Troop, the Clarke Cavalry, and the Shepherdstown Troop arrived at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 19 April, 1861.

At and in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, 23 April-13/14 June, 1861

The Newtown Light Dragoons, the Berkeley Troop, the Clarke Cavalry, the Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry, and the Shepherdstown Troop were stationed at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, under the command of Major General K Harper, Fifth Division, Virginia Militia, on 23 April, 1861.

Newtown, Frederick County, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Company A, 19-20 April, 1861: The Newtown Light Dragoons was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 19 April, 1861, and arrived in the morning on 20 April, 1861.

New Hope/ Waynesboro, Augusta County, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Company E, 19-23 April, 1861: The Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry (64) was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 19 April, 1861, and arrived by the Valley Turnpike at Harrisonburg via Mount Crawford, Rockingham County, Virginia, in the evening the same day. The company was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 20 April, 1861, and arrived at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 22 April, 1861. The Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry arrived at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861.

Note: The Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry was stationed at Main Street, Waynesboro, Augusta County, Virginia, in the morning on 19 April, 1861, and reported to Brigadier General W H Harman (Augusta County), Thirteenth Brigade, Fifth Division, Virginia Militia, at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861.

Guard duty at Berlin, Frederick County, and Weverton, Washington County,  Maryland, Companies A & E, dated April, 1861: The Newtown Light Dragoons and the Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry, under the command of Captain J H Drake, Newtown Light Dragoons, was assigned to guard duty at Berlin, Frederick County, and Weverton, Washington County,  Maryland, dated April, 1861.

Lexington, Rockbridge County, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Company C, 18-24 April, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Dragoons (80) was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, at 6 PM on 18 April, 1861, and was accompanied by the 2nd Rockbridge Dragoons, under the command of Captain J R McNutt. The company arrived at Staunton, Augusta County, on 19 April, 1861, and by the Valley Turnpike at Harrisonburg via Mount Crawford, Rockingham County, Virginia, the same day. The 1st Rockbridge Dragoons arrived at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, via Mount Jackson and Strasburg, Shenandoah County, and Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861.

Note: The Mountain Guards (47), the Southern Guards (68), the Augusta Greys (50), and the Union Greys (41), arrived at Mount Crawford, Rockingham County, Virginia, on 19 April, 1861 (See the 5th Virginia Infantry).

Howard & Baltimore Counties, Maryland, Company M/K (2nd), 21-24 April, 1861: The Howard Dragoons (35), Maryland Militia, under the command of Captain G R Gaither, Jr., arrived at Baltimore City, Maryland, in the afternoon on 21 April, 1861, and was ordered to C Carroll's Doughoregan Manor, five miles west of Ellicott's Mills, Howard County, Maryland, in the morning on 24 April, 1861.

Note: The Howard Dragoons was stationed at Miller's Hotel, on Paca Street, Baltimore City, Maryland, in the evening on 21 April, 1861, and was ordered to Jessup's Cut, on the Washington Branch, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, three miles north of Annapolis Junction, Howard Couty, Maryland, on 26 April, 1861.

Union, Loudoun County, Virginia, to Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, Company H, 27-28 April, 1861: The Loudoun Light Horse (85) was ordered to Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, on 27 April, 1861, and arrived at the Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, on 28 April, 1861.

Note: The Loudoun Light Horse was assigned to picket duty at and in the vicinity of Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, under the command of Captain T Ashby, Fauquier Mountain Rangers, between 28 April and 9 June, 1861 (See the 7th Virginia Cavalry).

Troops stationed at & in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, 29 April, 1861: Major General K Harper, Fifth Division, Virginia Militia; Senior Brigadier General J H Carson (Frederick County), Sixteenth Brigade, Third Division, Virginia Militia; Brigadier General G S Meem (Shenandoah County), Seventh Brigade, Third Division, Virginia Militia; Brigadier General W H Harman (Augusta County), Thirteenth Brigade, Fifth Division, Virginia Militia; Unattached Volunteers, Newtown Light Dragoons, Captain J H Drake; Berkeley Troop, Captain J B Hoge; 1st Rockbridge Dragoons, Captain M X White, Jr.; Clarke Cavalry, Captain J F Hardesty; Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry, Captain W Patrick; Shepherdstown Troop, Captain W A Morgan; Loudoun Light Horse, Captain R W Carter; Fauquier Mountain Rangers, Captain T Ashby

General Orders No.23, Division Headquarters, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, 30 April, 1861: Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, was assigned to command the troops at and in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by General Orders No.23, Division Headquarters, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 April, 1861, and assumed command on 1 May, 1861.

Note: Major General K Harper, Fifth Division, Virginia Militia, was relieved from duty at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by General Orders No.23, Division Headquarters, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 April, 1861. Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, was stationed at the Wager House Hotel, on Potomac Street, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, between 28 April and 7 May, 1861.

Return of the strength of Forces at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Companies A, B, C, D (1st), E, F, G (1st), & H, 3 May, 1861: The Newtown Light Dragoons, the Berkeley Troop, the 1st Rockbridge Dragoons, the Clarke Cavalry, the Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry, the Shepherdstown Troop, and the Loudoun Light Horse, under the command of Acting Colonel & Captain J H Drake, Newtown Light Dragoons, were stationed at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, and the Fauquier Mounted Rangers, under the command of Captain T Ashby, at the Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, opposite Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, on 3 May, 1861.

Note: Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart, Virginia Volunteers, arrived at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 10 May, 1861, and was assigned to command the Newtown Light Dragoons, the Berkeley Troop, the 1st Rockbridge Dragoons, the Clarke Cavalry, the Valley Rangers/ New Hope Cavalry, the Shepherdstown Troop, the Loudoun Light Horse, and the Fauquier Mountain Rangers on 11 May, 1861.

Mustered for one year, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Companies A, B, C, D (1st), E, F, G (1st), & H, 3 May, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, C, D (1st), E, F, G (1st), and H, were mustered in state service for one year at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, on 3 May, 1861.

Note: Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, was stationed at the United States Armory Superintendent's House, on Camp Hill, opposite Jackson Street, between South Cliff and Fillmore Streets, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 8 May, 1861.

Amelia Courthouse, Amelia County, to Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, Company G (2nd), 9-10 May, 1861: The Amelia Light Dragoons, under the command of First Lieutenant C R Irving, arrived at Trinity Church, on Franklin Street, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, in the evening on 9 May, 1861, and was ordered to Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, at 10 AM on 10 May 1861.

Note: The Amelia Light Dragoons was stationed at Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, between 10 May and 2 July, 1861.

Mustered for one year, Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, Company G (2nd), 10 May, 1861: The Amelia Light Dragoons was mustered in state service for one year at Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, on 10 May, 1861.

Note: Captain S S Weisiger, Amelia Light Dragoons, was accidentally wounded in the leg at Amelia Courthouse, Amelia County, Virginia, on 26 April, 1861.

Mustered for one year, Gloucester Point, Gloucester County, Virginia, Company L (2nd), 10 May, 1861: The Gloucester Light Dragoons was mustered in state service at Gloucester Point, Gloucester County, Virginia, by Major P R Page, Virginia Volunteers, on 10 May, 1861.

Note: P R Page was appointed major, Virginia Volunteers, at Gloucester Point, Gloucester County, Virginia, on 29 April, 1861.

Disposition of 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, C, D (1st), E, F, G (1st), & H, 14 May, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies C, D (1st), and E, were stationed at Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart; Company A at the Covered/ Berlin Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Berlin, Frederick County, Maryland; Company B at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia; Company F at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia; and Companies H and G (1st) at the Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, under the command of Captain T Ashby, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), on 14 May, 1861.

Note: The 2nd Virginia Infantry arrived at Camp Lee/ Allen, Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 19 May, 1861.

Bolivar, Jefferson County, to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, Company E, 19 May, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was stationed at a large brick house, Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 15 May, 1861, and arrived at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, via Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 19 May, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company F, was stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, and Companies B and D (1st) at Martinsburg, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 19 May, 1861.

Troops stationed at Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, 21 May, 1861: Captain T Ashby, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st); 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), First Lieutenant R Ashby; 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company H, Captain R W Carter; Letcher Brock's Gap Rifles, Captain J Q Winfield; 1st Maryland Infantry, Company A, Captain B T Johnson; 1st Maryland Infantry, Company B, Captain C C Edelin; Staunton Artillery, section, Captain J D Imboden; Loudoun Artillery, Captain A L Rogers

Note: Captain T Ashby, Fauquier Mounted Rangers, was assigned to command the troops stationed at and in the vicinity of the Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, on 19 April, 1861.

Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, Company E, 21 May, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was stationed at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 21 May, 1861.

Note: Private E G Fishburn, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was accidentally shot in the jaw at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 21 May, 1861.

Report of inspection made at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Lieutenant Colonel & Assistant Adjutant General G Deas, Confederate States Army, 23 May, 1861: 2nd Virginia Infantry, Colonel J W Allen; 4th Virginia Infantry, Colonel J F Preston; 5th Virginia Infantry, Colonel K Harper; 10th Virginia Infantry, Colonel S B Gibbons; 13th Virginia Infantry, Colonel A P Hill; 2nd Mississippi Infantry, Colonel W C Falkner; 11th Mississippi Infantry, Colonel W H Moore; 4th Alabama Infantry, Colonel E J Jones; 1st Maryland Infantry, Companies A, B, C (1st), D, F (1st), G, H (1st), I (1st), Captain G H Steuart, cavalry, Confederate States Army; 1st Kentucky Battalion Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel H B Duncan; 2nd Kentucky Battalion Sharpshooters, Acting Major & Captain J D Pope; 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, C, D (1st), E, F, G (1st), H, Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart; 1st Rockbridge Artillery, Captain W N Pendelton; Wise Artillery, Captain E G Alburtis; Staunton Artillery, Captain J D Imboden; Newtown Artillery, Captain G A Groves; Loudoun Artillery, Captain A L Rogers; Naval batteries, Second Lieutenant C M Fauntleroy, Confederate States Navy

Note: The 1st Maryland Infantry, Companies A and B; the Letcher Brock's Gap Rifles; a section of the Staunton Artillery; the Loudoun Artillery; and the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies G (1st) and H, under the command of Captain T Ashby, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), were stationed at the Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Point of Rocks, and Potomac Furnace, half a mile south of Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, on 23 May, 1861.

Arrival at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Brigadier General J E Johnston, Confederate States, 23 May, 1861: Brigadier General J E Johnston, Confederate States, arrived by the Winchester & Potomac Railroad at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, at 12 PM on 23 May, 1861, and was accompanied by Lieutenant Colonel E K Smith, cavalry, Confederate States Army, and Major W H C Whiting, corps engineers, Confederate States Army.

Note: Brigadier General J E Johnston, Confederate States, set up headquarters at the United States Armory Superintendent's House, on Camp Hill, opposite Jackson Street, between South Cliff and Fillmore Streets, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 23 May, 1861, and assumed command of the troops at and in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 24 May, 1861.

Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Company I, 26 May, 1861: The Harrisonburg Cavalry arrived at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 26 May, 1861.

Note: The Harrisonburg Cavalry was assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company I, at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 26 May, 1861.

Troops stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, 28 May, 1861: 5th Virginia Infantry, Company C, Captain R L Doyle; 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company F, Captain W A Morgan; 1st Rockbridge Artillery, section, First Lieutenant J B Brockenbrough

Note: The 5th Virginia Infantry, Company C, and a section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery were stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 28 May, 1861, and the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company B, was stationed at and in the vicinity of Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 30 May, 1861.

Troops stationed at Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, Companies C, E, & F, 29 May, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies C, E, and F, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart, were stationed at Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 29 May, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company F, arrived at Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 28 May, 1861, and the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was stationed at Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 May, 1861.

Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, to Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, Company C, 30 May, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company C, was ordered to Falling waters, Berkeley County, Maryland, in the morning on 30 May, 1861, and was assigned to picket duty at Dam No.5, on the Potomac River, north of Honeywood Paper Mill, two and a half miles north of Little Georgetown, Berkeley County, Virginia, and Lemons Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, between 31 May and 13 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company C, was stationed at and in the vicinity Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, between 31 May and 13 June, 1861.

Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, to Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, Company I, 29 May-1 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company I, was ordered to Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 29 May, 1861, and arrived at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, via Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 May, 1861. The company arrived at Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the morning on 1 June, 1861.

Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Company K (1st), 29-30 May, 1861: The Rockingham Cavalry/ River Rangers was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 29 May, 1861, and arrived at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 May, 1861.

Note: The Rockingham Cavalry/ River Rangers was stationed at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, on 30 May, 1861, and was assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company K (1st), at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30/31 May, 1861.

Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, Companies E, F, & K (1st), 31 May, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies E, F, and K (1st), under the command of Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart, were ordered to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 31 May, 1861, and were accompanied by Volunteer Aide P W Hairston.

Camp Clover/ 'Hainesville Barracks', Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, 3 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company K (1st), was stationed at Camp Clover/ 'Hainesville Barracks', Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 3 June, 1861.

AbingDon to Richmond and Ashland, Company L (1st)/D (2nd), 30 May-22 June, 1861

The Washington Mounted Rifles (102) was ordered to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 30 May, 1861, and arrived Wytheville, Wythe County, Virginia, on 1 June, 1861. The company arrived at the Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage Agricultural Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Deep Run Turnpike, two miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 17 June, 1861.

Abingdon, Washington County, Virginia, 30 May, 1861: The Washington Mounted Rifles, under the command of Colonel S V Fulkerson, Virginia Volunteers, was stationed at Abingdon, Washington County, Virginia, 30 May, 1861.

Note: The Washington Mounted Rifles was stationed at old Glade Spring Presbyterian Church, Glade Spring, Washington County, Virginia, in the morning on 31 May, 1861, and at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage Agricultural Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Deep Run Turnpike, two miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, between 17 and 22 June, 1861.

Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage Agricultural Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad & Deep Run Turnpike, two miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, to Hanover County, Virginia, 22 June, 1861: The Washington Mounted Rifles was ordered to Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.63, Headquarters of the Division, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 22 June, 1861, dated 21 June, 1861, and was stationed at Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, between 22 June and 2 July, 1861.

Note: Lieutenant Colonel C W Field, Provisional Army of Virginia, was assigned to command Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.201, Paragraph V, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 June, 1861.

Skirmish at williamsport, Company E, 1 June, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was engaged in a skirmish at Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the morning on 1 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, arrived at Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the morning on 1 June, 1861.

Troops stationed at Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, 1 June, 1861: Williamsport Union Guards, Captain W B Kennedy; Clear Spring Home Guards, Captain R E Cook; Sharpsburg Rifles, Captain S G Prather

Note: The Williamsport Union Guards, under the command of Captain W B Kennedy, was engaged in a skirmish at Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the morning on 1 June, 1861.

Picket duty at & in the vicinity of Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, 3 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was stationed at and in the vicinity Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 3 June, 1861.

Note: The Sharpsburg Rifles, under the command of Captain S G Prather, arrived at Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the evening on 1 June, 1861.

Skirmish at & in the vicinity of Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, 7 June,1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company H, was engaged in a skirmish at and in the vicinity of Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 7 June,1861.

Note:

General Orders No.25, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, 8 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was assigned to the Confederate States by General Orders No.25, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 8 June, 1861, and was accepted in Confederate service on 1 July, 1861.

Camp Clover, Hainsville, Berkeley County, Virginia, 9 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 5 June, 1861, and at Camp Clover, Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 9 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry (100), Companies C and E, under the command of Major R Swan, were engaged in a skirmish at Dam No.5, on the Potomac River, north of Honeywood Paper Mill, two and a half miles north of Little Georgetown, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 8 June, 1861.

Covered/ Berlin Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Berlin, Frederick County, Maryland, to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson, Virginia, Company G (1st), 9-10 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 9 June, 1861, and arrived in the morning on 10 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company A, destroyed the Covered/ Berlin Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Berlin, Frederick County, Maryland, in the morning on 9 June, 1861.

Camp Clover, Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, Company E, 12 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was stationed at Camp Clover, Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 12 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at Camp Clover, Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 9 June, 1861, and in the afternoon on 13 June, 1861.

Withdrawal to Winchester, 13-14 June, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 5 PM on 13 June, 1861, and arrived by the Winchester Turnpike at Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the morning on 14 June, 1861.

Destroyed the Colonnade Bridge, junction of Tuscarora Creek & East Burke Street, Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, detachment, 13 June, 1861: A detachment of the 1st Virginia Cavalry destroyed the Colonnade Bridge, junction of Tuscarora Creek and East Burke Street, Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 13 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to cover the retreat of the troops stationed at Harpers Ferry and Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Brigadier General J E Johnston, Confederate States Army, in the morning on 14 June, 1861.

Winchester to Shepherdstown and Charlestown, 14-15 June, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 14 June, 1861, and arrived at Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 15 June, 1861.

Withdrawal of troops stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, 13-14 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to cover the withdrawal of the 2nd Virginia Infantry, the 5th Virginia Infantry, and a section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 13 June, 1861.

Note: The 5th Virginia Infantry and a section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 5 PM on 13 June, 1861, and the 2nd Virginia Infantry to Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 14 June, 1861.

Camp Johnston, F P Frame's, on the North Fork of Bull Skin Run, three & a half miles west of Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, 15 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at Camp Johnston, F P Frame's, on the North Fork of Bull Skin Run, three and a half miles west of Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 15 June, 1861.

Charlestown to Martinsburg, 15-16 June, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 15 June, 1861, and arrived by the Martinsburg Turnpike at Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 16 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at and in the vicinity of Leetown, Jefferson County, Virginia, at 10 PM on 15 June, 1861, and at Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Alarm At Falling Waters, 16-18 June, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to proceed by the Martinsburg Turnpike to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Note: The First Brigade, First Division, and the Fourth Brigade, Second Division, Army of Pennsylvania, under the coomand of Major General R Patterson, Pennsylvania Volunteers, was ordered to Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 16 June, 1861, and were stationed north of Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Martinsburg Turnpike to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, 17 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed north of Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company C, was assigned to scouting duty at and in the vicinity of Hainesville, Berkely County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Camp Jeff Davis, one mile southwest of Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, 17 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry arrived at Camp Jeff Davis, one mile southwest of Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 17 June, 1861.

Note: Three companies of the 1st Virginia Cavalry were ordered to Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 18 June, 1861.

Advance to Romney, Companies G (1st) & M/K (2nd), 18 June, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), and the Howard Dragoons were assigned to the 7th Virginia Cavalry, Companies A and B (1st), under the command of Colonel A W McDonald, Sr., at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, on 17 June, 1861, and were ordered to proceed by the Northwestern Turnpike to Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, in the morning on 18 June, 1861 (See the 7th Virginia Cavalry).

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), was ordered to report to Colonel A W McDonald, Sr., cavalry, Confederate States Army, at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, by Colonel E Hunton, 8th Virginia Infantry, on 14 June, 1861, and arrived at A W McDonald's/ Hawthorne, half a mile west of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, on 15 June, 1861. (See the 8th Virginia Infantry).

Winchester, Frederick County, to Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, 15 June, 1861: The 7th Virginia Cavalry, Companies A and B (1st), under the command of Colonel A W McDonald, Sr., were ordered to proceed by the Northwestern Turnpike to Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, in the morning on 18 June, 1861.

Note: The Howard Dragoons was stationed at and in the vicinity of Leesburg, Loudoun County, Virginia, under the command of Colonel E Hunton, 8th Virginia Infantry, between 14 May and 15 June, 1861, and arrived at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Picket & scouting duty at & in the vicinity of Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, Company M/K (2nd), 19 June-18 July, 1861: The 7th Virginia Cavalry, Company B (1st), was assigned to picket and scouting duty at Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, between 19 June and 18 July, 1861.

Picket duty at Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, & Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, Company E, 18 & 23 June, 1861: A detachment of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was assigned to picket duty at Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the morning on 18 June, 1861, and the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 23 June, 1861.

Arrest of Lieutenant Colonel Bowman, 8th Pennsylvania Infantry, southwest of Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, 19 June, 1861: A detachment of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company F, under the command of Second Lieutenant J S Tanner, arrested Lieutenant Colonel Bowman and Aide de Camp & Private E A Chase, 8th Pennsylvania Infantry, at the toll gate on the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, half a mile west of Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the afternoon on 19 June, 1861 (See the 8th Pennsylvania Infantry).

Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, 19 & 20 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 19 and 20 June, 1861.

Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, Company E, 22 7 23 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was stationed at Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 22 and 23 June, 1861.

Note: Detachments of the 1st Virginia Cavalry were stationed at the toll gate on the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, half a mile west of Lemon's Ferry, and Broad Lane School House, two miles southwest of Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 24 and 28 June, 1861.

A Shaffer's Ferry, on Downey Branch, two miles southwest of Downsville, Washington County, Maryland, detachment, 25 June, 1861: A detachment of the 1st Virginia Cavalry (40) destroyed a ferry boat and skiff at A Shaffer's Ferry, on Downey Branch, two miles southwest of Downsville, Washington County, Maryland, in the morning on 25 June, 1861.

Note: Private C G Dalhouse, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was wounded at Lemon's Ferry, on the Potomac River, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 26 June, 1861, and died at Waynesboro, Augusta County, Virginia, on 24 December, 1861.

Skirmish at Hainesville/ Hoke's Run, 2 July, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies B, C, D (1st), E, and I, were stationed at and in the vicinity of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, during a skirmish between W Hills and W Porterfield's farms, one mile northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 9 AM on 2 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry (334), Companies A, B, C, D (1st), E, F, H, and K (1st), were stationed at and in the vicinity of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 30 June, 1861.

Skirmish between W Hill's & W Porterfield's farms, one mile northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 July, 1861: The 5th Virginia Infantry and one 6 pounder of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Colonel T J Jackson, Provisional Army Virginia, were engaged in a skirmish between W Hill's and W Porterfield's farms, one mile northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 10 AM on 2 July, 1861.

Note: The 2nd Virginia Infantry, the 4th Virginia Infantry, and one 12 pounder field howitzer and two 6 pounder light 'Cadet' smoothbores of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery were stationed at the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 2 July, 1861.

Troops engaged at the skirmish between W Hills & W Porterfield's farm, one mile northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 July, 1861: Colonel T J Jackson, Provisional Army Virginia; 5th Virginia Infantry, Colonel K Harper; 1st Rockbridge Artillery, one 6 pounder smoothbore, Captain W N Pendelton

Capture of 15th Pennsylvania Infantry, detachment of Company I, at W McGary's farm, one mile northeast of Little Georgetown, Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies D (1st) and E, under the command of Major R Swan, captured a detachment of the 15th Pennsylvania Infantry (46), Company I, under the command of Second Lieutenant J B Hutchinson, at W McGary's farm, one mile northeast of Little Georgetown, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 7.30 PM on 2 July, 1861 (See the Fifth Brigade, Second Division, Army of Pennsylvania).

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies D (1st) and E, under the command of Major R Swan, were stationed at and in the vicinity of W McGary's farm, one mile northeast of Little Georgetown, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 2 July, 1861.

List of killed, etc, at W McGary's farm, one mile northeast of Little Georgetown, Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 July, 1861: Company E, k 1, t 1; Company I, k 1, t 1; Killed 2, total 2

Retreat to Snodgrass/ Big Spring & Bunker Hill, 3-7 July, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, north of Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 2 July, 1861, and arrived by the Martinsburg Turnpike at Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 3 July, 1861.

Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, 4 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry (334) was stationed at Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, between 4 and 7 July, 1861.

Note: A detachment of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, under the command of Second Lieutenant W B Gallaher, destroyed the bridge at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, on Cherry Run, southeast of Cherry Run, Morgan County, Virginia, on 2/3 July, 1861.

Snodgrass/ Big Spring to Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, 7 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 7 July, 1861, and was stationed at Camp Jeff Davis/ Vigilance, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 12 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at Camp Jeff Davis/ Vigilance, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, between 7 and 15 July, 1861.

Ashland to Bunker Hill, Companies G (2nd) & L (1st)/D (2nd), 2-9 July, 1861

The Amelia Light Dragoons and the Washington Mounted Rifles were ordered to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.206, Paragraph V, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 2 July, 1861, dated 29 June, 1861, and arrived on 8 July, 1861. The Amelia Light Dragoons and the Washington Mounted Rifles arrived by the Martinsburg Turnpike at at Camp Jeff Davis/ Vigilance, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 12 PM on 9 July, 1861.

Note: The Amelia Light Dragoons and the Washington Mounted Rifles were assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies G (2nd) and L (1st)/D (2nd), respectively, at Camp Jeff Davis/ Vigilance, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 9 July, 1861.

Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, 8 July, 1861: The Amelia Light Dragoons and the Washington Mounted Rifles were stationed at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, on 8 July, 1861, and were ordered to Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 9 July, 1861.

Note: The Amelia Light Dragoons was stationed at Amelia Courthouse, Amelia County, Virginia, on 17 and 26 April, 1861, and at Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, between 10 May and 2 July, 1861.

Scounting expedition to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, Company G (2nd), 9 & 10 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (2nd), was assigned to scouting duty at and in the vicinity of Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 9 July, 1861, and in the morning on 10 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (2nd), was accompanied by Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart, to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 10 July, 1861.

Scounting expedition to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, detachment of Company L (1st)/D (2nd), 11 July, 1861: A detachment of the 1st Virginia Cavalry (50), Company L (1st)/D (2nd), under the command of Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart, was ordered on a scouting expedition to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 11 July, 1861, and arrived at Camp Jeff Davis/ Vigilance, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening the same day.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company B, was ordered to Brucetown, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 14 July, 1861, and to Smithfield/ Middleway, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 18 July, 1861.

Bunker Hill to Darkesville & Berryville, 15-18 July, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Darkesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 15 July, 1861, and were stationed at Darkesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, between 15 and 18 July, 1861.

Darkesville, Berkeley County, to Berryville, Clarke County, Virginia, 18 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Berryville, Clarke County, Virginia, at 8 PM on 18 July, 1861.

March to Manassas Junction, 18-19 July, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.1, Headquarters, Army of the Shenandoah, Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the morning on 19 July, 1861, dated 18 July, 1861.

Note: The Third and Fourth Brigades, Army of Shenandoah, and the 1st Virginia Cavalry were assigned to Brigadier General B E Bee, Confederate States Army, at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the morning on 18 July, 1861.

Berryville, Clarke County, to Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, Virginia, 19 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry arrived at Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, via Berry's Ferry, on the Shenandoah River, three and a half miles southeast of Millwood, Clarke County, and Ashby's Gap, on the Blue Ridge Mountains, Clarke, Loudoun, and Fauquier Counties, Virginia, in the evening on 19 July, 1861.

Note: The Howard Dragoons declined Confederate service with the 7th Virginia Cavalry at Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, on 17 July, 1861, and was ordered to Berryville, Clarke County, Virginia, on 18 July, 1861. The company was assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company M/ K (2nd), at Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, Virginia, on 19 July, 1861.

Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 20 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, at 3 AM on 20 July, 1861, and arrived at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, via Salem and White Plains, Fauquier County, Virginia, in the evening the same day.

Guard duty at Berry's Ferry, on the Shenandoah River, three & a half miles southeast of Millwood, Clarke County, Virginia, Company E, 19 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was detached and assigned to guard duty at Berry's Ferry, on the Shenandoah River, three and a half miles southeast of Millwood, Clarke County, Virginia, in the morning on 19 July, 1861, and was stationed at Sudley Church, Sudley Spring, Prince William County, Virginia, in the evening on 22 July, 1861.

Note: Second Lieutenant W B Gallaher, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, was assigned to General J E Johnston, Confederate States Army, at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861.

Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, to Mitchell's & Ball's Fords, on the Bull Run River, 20 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to the rear between Mitchell's and Ball's Fords, on the Bull Run River, by Special Orders No.133, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 20 July, 1861.

First battle of Manassas, 21 July, 1861

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at the rear between Mitchell's and Ball's Fords, on the Bull Run River, in the morning on 20 July, 1861.

Note: Colonel J E B Stuart, 1st Virginia Cavalry, was assigned to command the cavalry stationed at the rear between Mitchell's and Ball's Fords, on the Bull Run River, by Special Orders No.133, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 20 July, 1861, and Captain J H Drake and First Lieutenant R H Long, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company A, were not present for duty on 21 July, 1861.

Advance to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, Companies A, B, D (1st), F, G (2nd), H, & L (1st)/D (2nd), 21 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, at 2 PM on 21 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, D (1st), and H, under the command of Colonel J E B Stuart, were stationed southwest of I Henry's/ Spring Hill and Companies G (2nd) and L (1st)/D (2nd), under the command of Major R Swan, southeast of J Robinson's, on Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Skirmish southwest of I Henry's/ Spring Hill, on Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, Companies A, B, D (1st), & H, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, D (1st), and H, under the command of Colonel J E B Stuart, were engaged in a skirmish southwest of I Henry's/ Spring Hill, on Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861 (See the 11th New York Infantry).

Organisation of 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, D (1st), F, H, G (2nd), L (1st)/D (2nd), 21 July, 1861: Colonel J E B Stuart, 1st Virginia Cavalry; Company A, Second Lieutenant J S Larrick; Company B, Captain J B Hoge; Company D (1st), First Lieutenant W Taylor; Company F, Captain W A Morgan; Company H (33), Captain R W Carter

Advance northwest of R E Chinn's, one mile southeast of Groveton, Prince William County, Virginia, Companies A, B, D (1st), F, & H, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, D (1st), and H, were ordered northwest of R E Chinn's, one mile southeast of Groveton, Prince William County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, D (1st), and H, under the command of Colonel J E B Stuart, were assigned as support to the Newtown Artillery northwest of R E Chinn's, one mile southeast of Groveton, Prince William County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861 (See the Newtown Artillery).

General pursuit towards Sudley Church & Mill, Sudley Springs, Prince William County, Virginia, Companies A, B, D (1st), F, & H, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, D (1st), F, and H, were ordered on a general pusuit towards Sudley Church and Mill, Sudley Springs, Prince William County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861, and were accompanied by the Newtown Artillery.

General pursuit towards Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, Companies G (2nd) & L (1st)/D (2nd), 21 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies G (2nd) and L (1st)/D (2nd), under the command of Major R Swan, were ordered on a general pursuit towards Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies G (2nd) and L (1st)/D (2nd), were stationed at the Suspension Bridge, on Cub Run, one mile west of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Sudley Church & Mill, Sudley Springs, & Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, D (1st), F, and H, under the command of Colonel J E B Stuart, were stationed at Sudley Church and Mill, Sudley Springs, Prince William County, Virginia, and Companies L (1st)/D (2nd), under the command of Major R Swan, at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, in the evening on 21 July, 1861.

Note: A detachment of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, under the command of Acting Adjutant & First Lieutenant W W Blackford, arrived at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, at 12 AM on 22 July, 1861, and was accompanied by 87 Federal prisoners. The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company L (1st)/D (2nd), was ordered southeast/ southwest of Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the evening on 22 July, 1861.

List of killed, etc, 1st Virginia Cavalry, at the first battle of Manassas, 21 July, 1861: Company A, w 2, c 2, t 4; Company B, w 3, t 3; Company C, k 1, w 3, t 4; Company D (1st), k 2, w 2, t 4; Company H, k 6, w 11, c 4, t 21; Company I, k 1, w 1, t 2; Company K (1st), w 1, t, 1; Killed 10, wounded 23, captured 6, total 39

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies C, F, I, K (1st), and M/K (2nd), were at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861.

Sudley Church, Sudley Spring, Prince William County, to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, 23 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was ordered to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 2 AM on 23 July, 1861, and was accompanied by the 1st Maryland Infantry, the 3rd Tennessee Infantry, and the Loudoun Artillery.

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was stationed at Camp Onwards, Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 23 July, 1861, and at Camp Rex, Fairfax County, Virginia, Falls Church, on 8 September, 1861.

Mustered for the war, Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, Company M/K (2nd), 28 July, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company M/K (2nd), was mustered in Virginia state or Confederate service for the war at Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 28 July, 1861.

Skirmish at Lewinsville, Fairfax County, Virginia, Companies E & M/K (2nd), 11 September, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies E and M/K (2nd), under the command of Colonel J E B Stuart, were engaged in a skirmish at Lewinsville, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 11 September, 1861.

Organisation of troops engaged in skirmish at Lewinsville, Fairfax County, Virginia, 11 September, 1861: Colonel J E B Stuart, 1st Virginia Cavalry; four companies of 13th Virginia Infantry (305), Major J B Terrill; 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company E, Captain W Patrick, and Company M/K (2nd), Captain G R Gaither, Jr.; section of Washington Battalion Artillery, 2nd Company, First Lieutenant T L Rosser and Second Lieutenant C H Slocomb (See the 13th Virginia Infantry and Washington Battalion Artillery)

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company H, was assigned to Major General G W Smith, Confederate States Army, on 24 October, 1861.

First Virginia Cavalry, Companies N & O, 24 October, 1861

The Natchez Cavalry/ Adams Troop was ordered to proceed by steamer on the Mississippi River to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 9 June, 1861, and arrived at Memphis, Shelby County, Tennessee, on 12 June, 1861. The company was ordered to proceed by the Memphis & Charleston Railroad to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 18 June, 1861, and arrived by the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad on 23 June, 1861.

Mustered for the war, Lynchburg, Campbell County, Virginia, Company N, 26 June, 1861: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company N, was mustered in Confederate service for the war at Lynchburg, Campbell County, Virginia, by Major & Assistant Adjutant General H L Clay, Confederate States Army, on 26 June, 1861.

Lynchburg, Campbell County, to Ashland, Henrico County, Virginia, 30 June-10 July, 1861: The Natchez Cavalry/ Adams Troop was ordered to proceed by the Southside Railroad to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 30 June, 1861, and arrived by the Richmond & Danville Railroad at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 3 July, 1861. The company was ordered to Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.215, Paragraph III, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 10 July, 1861, dated 8 July, 1861, and was accompanied by the Boykin (Mounted) Rangers and the Texas Rangers. The company arrived at Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia, 10 July, 1861 (See the Boykin (Mounted) Rangers).

Camp Ashland, Slash Cottage, on the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, west of Ashland, Hanover County, to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 22-27 August, 1861: The Natchez Cavalry/ Adams Troop was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.253, Paragraph V, Adjutant & Inspector General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 22 August, 1861, dated 17 August, 1861, and arrived at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 27 August, 1861.

Note: The Natchez Cavalry/ Adams Troop was temporarily assigned to the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company N, at Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 31 August, 1861, and to the 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry, Company A, under the command of Acting Major & Captain W T Martin, 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry, Company A, on 30 September, 1861. The 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry was assigned to the Third Brigade, First Division, Potomac District, Department of Northern Virginia, under the command of Brigadier General J E B Stuart, Confederate States Army, General Orders No.18, Adjutant & Inspector General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 22 October, 1861.

Organisation of 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry, Camp Cooper, two & a half miles east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, 28 October, 1861: Major W T Martin; Company A, Natchez Cavalry/ Adams Troop, Captain W G Conner; Company B, Chickasaw Rangers, Captain J Gordon; Company C, Southern Guards, Captain R O Perrin; Company D, Sumter Mounted Guards, Captain W M Stone

Note: The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies N and O, were assigned to the 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry, Companies A and D, respectively, under the command of Major W T Martin, at Camp Cooper, two and a half miles east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, under the command of Major W T Martin, by Special Orders No.188, Adjutant & Inspectors General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 October, 1861. The 2nd Mississippi Battalion Cavalry was designated the Jeff Davis Legion, Mississippi Cavalry, on 7 December, 1861.

Reorganised between Williamsburg & Yorktown, York County, Virginia, 26 April, 1862: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was reorganised between Williamsburg and Yorktown, York County, Virginia, on 26 April, 1862.

Disbanded at Lynchburg, Campbell County, Virginia, 11 April, 1865: The 1st Virginia Cavalry was disbanded at Lynchburg, Campbell County, Virginia, on 11 April, 1865, and one man surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse, Appomattox County, on 9 April, 1865.

Colonel J E B Stuart, 1st Virginia Cavalry: Captain J E B Stuart, 1st United States Cavalry, Company K, resigned at Cairo, Alexander County, Illinois, on 3 May, 1861, dated 14 May, 1861, and was appointed captain, cavalry, Confederate States Army, at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 May, 1861, dated 16 March, 1861. Captain J E B Stuart, cavalry, Confederate States Army, arrived by the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad at Wytheville, Wythe County, Virginia, on 7 May, 1861, and was appointed lieutenant colonel, Virginia Volunteers, at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 9 May, 1861. Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart, Virginia Volunteers, was ordered to proceed by the Virginia Central Railroad to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.34, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, at 6 AM on 10 May, 1861, dated 9 May, 1861, and was accompanied by P W Hairston, volunteer aide de camp. He arrived by the Winchester & Potomac Railroad at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 10 May, 1861, and was appointed colonel, 1st Virginia Cavalry, on 16 July, 1861. Colonel J E B Stuart, 1st Virginia Cavalry, was appointed brigadier general, Confederate States Army, on 14 September, 1861.

The 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies D and K, were assigned to the 6th Virginia Cavalry, Companies D and C, respectively, under the command of Colonel C W Field, by Special Orders No.414, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 9 October, 1861.

Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, 25 September, 1861: Major General G W Smith, Confederate States Army, was assigned to the command of the Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, by General Orders No.31, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 25 September, 1861.

The 1st Virginia Cavalry was assigned to the Third Brigade, First Division, Potomac District, Department of Northern Virginia, under the command of Brigadier General J E B Stuart, Confederate States Army, General Orders No.18, Adjutant & Inspector General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 22 October, 1861.

Report

OFFICIAL REPORT NO.83: Series I, Volume 2 (Serial No.2), Chapter IX, pp482-484
Colonel J E B Stuart, First Virginia Cavalry, dated Headquarters, First Virginia Cavalry, 26 July, 1861

Orders of Battle

The above painting, 'Drive Them to Washington', is by Don Troiani, modern America's finest historical artist.