The Fourth Alabama Painting by Don Troiani

First Brigade, Army of the Shenandoah

Acting Captain W N Pendleton

Colonel & Acting Captain W N Pendleton, 1st Rockbridge Artillery

First Rockbridge Artillery

Mustered in Confederate service for one year dated 1 July, 1861. Arrived at Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 20 July, 1861. Stationed at the rear of Mitchell's Ford, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861

COLONEL & ACTING CAPTAIN W N PENDLETON
Captain J McClausland, Virginia Military Institute, was appointed lieutenant colonel, Virginia Volunteers, at Charleston,  Kanawha County, Virginia, on 29 April, 1861, and Reverend W N Pendleton was appointed captain, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, on 1 May, 1861. Captain W N Pendleton, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was appointed chief of artillery, Army of the Shenandoah, on 13 July, 1861, and colonel, artillery, Confederate States Army, on 15 July, 1861. Colonel W N Pendleton, artillery, Confederate States Army, was assigned as acting captain, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, between 13 and 23 July, 1861.

Section: FIRST LT. J B BROKENBROUGH
First Lieutenant J B Brokenbrough, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was assigned to command the company between 10 and 14 August, 1861, and his resignation was accepted by Special Orders No.134, Paragraph VII, Adjutant & Inspectors General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 26 August, 1861. First Lieutenant J B Brokenbrough, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was appointed captain, Baltimore Light Artillery (designated the 2nd Maryland Artillery, Maryland Troops, on 19 January, 1864), at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 15 August, 1861.

6 pounder smoothbore, M1841 & 12 pounder field howitzer, M1841

Section: SECOND LT. W MCLAUGHLIN
Second Lieutenant W McLaughlin, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was assigned to command the company between 23 July and 10 August, 1861, and was appointed captain, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, on 14 August, 1861.

Two 6 pounder light 'Cadet' smoothbores

Virginia Military Institute corps Cadets

Major W Gilham, Virginia Military Institute, was ordered to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 20 April, 1861, and was appointed colonel, Provisional Army of Virginia, on 23 April 1861.

Note: Superintendent & Colonel F A Smith, Virginia Military Institute, was ordered to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 18 April, 1861.

Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad & Broad Street, two & a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861: Colonel W Gilham, Virginia Volunteers, was assigned to command Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861.

Note: Brigadier General J H Winder, Confederate States Army, was appointed commandant at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 16 July, 1861, and Colonel C Dimmock, Provisional Army of Virginia, on 18 July, 1861 (See the 18th Virginia Infantry).

Virginia Military Institute, on Letcher Avenue, Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, 20 April, 1861: Major J T L Preston, Virginia Military Institute, was appointed acting superintendent at the Virginia Military Institute, on Letcher Avenue, Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, on 20 April, 1861.

Note: The Rockbridge Greys, under the command of Captain J G Updike, was organised at Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, on 20 April, 1861, and was assigned to garrison duty at the Virginia Military Institute, on Letcher avenue, Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, on 6 May, 1861 (See the 4th Virginia Infantry).

Virginia Military Institute, on Letcher Avenue, Lexington, Rockbridge County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, 21-23 April, 1861: The Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets and four 6 pounder light Cadet smoothbores, under the command of Majors T J Jackson and R E Colston, Virginia Military Institute, were ordered to Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia, at 12.30 PM on 21 April, 1861, and arrived at 4 AM on 22 April, 1861. The Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets were ordered to proceed by the Virginia Central Railroad to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, at 10 AM the same day and arrived at via Charlottesville, Albemarle County, and Gordonsville, Orange County, Virginia, at 3 AM on 23 April, 1861.

Note: The Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets, under the command of Acting Commandant & Major R E Colston, Virginia Military Institute, was assigned as drillmasters, one per company, at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861.

Organisation of Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, 27 April, 1861: Colonel W Gilham, Virginia Volunteers; Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets (175), Acting Commandant & Major R E Colston

Baptist College Artillery Barracks, on Bush Hill, south of Deep Run Turnpike, one & a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, 29 April, 1861: A detachment of Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets (12) was assigned as drillmasters to light artillery companies at the Baptist College Artillery Barracks, on Bush Hill, south of Deep Run Turnpike, one and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 29 April, 1861.

Appointments of Virginia Military Institute, 24 April-18 July, 1861: Major T H Williamson, Virginia Military Institute, was appointed major, corps engineers, Virginia Volunteers, on 24 April, 1861 (See Engineers, Army of the Potomac); Major T J Jackson, Virginia Military Institute, colonel, Virginia Volunteers, on 27 April, 1861; Major R E Colston, Virginia Military Institute, colonel, 16th Virginia Infantry, on 2 May, 1861; Colonel W Gilham, Virginia Military Institute, colonel, 21st Virginia Infantry, on 1 July, 1861; Colonel F A Smith, Virginia Military Institute, colonel, 9th Virginia Infantry, on 7 July, 1861; Major J T L Preston, Virginia Military Institute, lieutenant colonel, 9th Virginia Infantry, 7 July, 1861; Major S Crutchfield, Virginia Military Institute, major, 9th Virginia Infantry, 7 July, 1861; and Captain M B Hardin, Virginia Military Institute, major, 9th Virginia Infantry, on 18 July, 1861.

Sources

"An Artillery company was organized here to-day. Lieut. McClausland, one of the Assistant Professors at the Military Institute, was elected Captain, and Col. McLaughlin, J. B. Brockenbrough, Jr., and W. T. Poague, Lieutenants."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 10 May, 1861 - Progress of the war, Lexington, Rockbridge County, 23 April, 1861

"On Sunday morning last, the artillery company from Lexington, of which Rev. Dr. Pendelton is Captain, left this place for service in the field."

Staunton Spectator (Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia), 14 May, 1861 - Military movements

"In consequence of the promotion of Capt. McClausland, of our Artillery company, to the post of Lieut. Colonel of volunteers, the company unanimously elected the Rev'd Dr. Pendleton as Captain, and he promptly accepted."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 10 May, 1861 - Affairs in Rockbridge

"The following companies left this place during the past week: On Saturday the 12th, Rockbridge Artillery, Capt. W. N. Pendleton; on Monday, the 13th, Staunton Rifles, Capt. Asher W. Harman, and West View Infantry, Capt. St. Francis C. Roberts; on Tuesday, Churchville Cavalry, Capt. Sterrett; on Wednesday, Alleghany Light Infantry, Capt. Thompson McAllister, and Ready Rifles of Augusta, Capt. O. F. Grinnan; on Thursday, Rockbridge Greys, Capt. James G. Updike, and, on Saturday, about one hundred soldiers enlisted in the regular army. On Monday of this week, Greenbrier Rifles, Capt. Robert F. Dennis, and Hibernians, Capt. H. H. Robertson; on Tuesday, Monroe Guard, Capt. Tiffany, and Alleghany Rifles, Capt. Holloway. Other companies will leave in a few days."

Staunton Spectator & Vindicator (Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia), 21 May, 1861 - Departure of troops

Books/ Manuscripts

The Virginia Regimental Histories Series, First & Second Rockbridge Artillery, by R J Driver, Jr.

"A second captain had not yet been appointed to succeed Colonel W N Pendleton in command of the Rockbridge battery, and he continued for some weeks to act in that capacity. Accordingly, he now took the battery into action, posting its guns and giving directions for the cutting of fuses and aiming of pieces, besides exercising general supervision over all the artillery present belonging to the Army of the Shenandoah."

Memoirs of William N Pendleton: D. D. Rector of Latimer Parish, Lexington, Virginia, Brigadier General C.S.A., chief of artillery, Army of Northern Virginia, by his daughter Susan P Lee

"The plain grey cloth uniforms and outfit of blankets, knapsacks, cooking utensils, & c., furnished mainly by Rockbridge county, have been as well preserved as could be expected. The uniform is, however, in many cases, considerably worn."

"My impression is that one of our guns on the left was separated from the next two guns by guns of other batteries which were there before us; that two of our guns, the heavy six-pounder and the Howitzer were together, and that at an interval of fifty or a hundred yards, our fourth gun, under Sergeant Davis, was put into position on the extreme right of all the artillery."

"We gave up the two light six-pounder brass guns which had belonged to the Virginia Military Institute, retaining only the United States six-pounder and the twelve-pounder Howitzer, and got in addition two other United States brass six-pounders, and two of the ten-pounder parrot guns which had been used against us on the 21st."

"Colonel Pendleton, who was in command of this company and other companies near it on the 21st July, had been commissioned colonel in the Provisional army of the Confederate States army on the 15th, but was not relieved of command of this battery till the 23d."

Historical sketch of the Rockbridge Artillery, C.S. Army, by a member of the famous battery: Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume XXIII, pp98-158, from the Charlotte Observer (Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina), 22 December, 1895

Harper's Ferry and First Manassas, extracts from the diary of Captain James M. Garnett, in charge of General Ordnance Train, Army of Northern Virginia, from January, 1863, to February, 1864; and ordnance officer of Rodes' (later Grime's) Division, 2d Corps, A.N. Va., from February, 1864, to April 9, 1865: Southern Historical Society Papers Volume XXVIII, pp58-71, Reserve Ordnance Train, A. N. Va., Camp near Cobham Station, V. C. R. R., Wednesday, 9th September, 1863

A guide to Virginia military organisations 1861-1865, Revised Second Edition by I A Wallace, Jr.

"About the time the Cadet Corps was ordered to Richmond to drill the troops gathering there, the Rockbridge Battery was raised and soon ordered to Harper's Ferry, being given the old bronze 6-pounder guns of the cadet battery, the Corps having taken with it other pieces, including the 3-inch Parrott rifle, with Jackson had obtained such surprising results in Lexington the year before. For caissons, the Rockbridge Battery constructed large chests on the running parts of hay wagons, the cadets having taken all the material of their battery except the guns."

The long arm of Lee or the history of the artillery of the Army of Northern Virginia with a brief account of the Confederate Bureau of Ordnance, Volume I, by Jennings C Wise

The Military History of the Virginia Military Institute from 1839 to 1865 with appendix, maps, and illustrations, by Jennings C Wise

Notes

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Captain J McClausland, was organised at Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and Reverend W N Pendleton was appointed captain, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, at Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, on 1 May, 1861.

Note: Captain J McClausland, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was appointed lieutenant colonel, Virginia Volunteers, at Charleston,  Kanawha County, Virginia, on 29 April, 1861, and colonel, 36th Virginia Infantry, on 15 July, 1861. The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was assigned two 6 pounder light Cadet smoothbores stationed at the Virginia Military Institute, on Letcher Avenue, Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia, on 11 May, 1861.

Mustered for one year, Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia, 11 May, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was mustered in state service for one year at Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia, by Major & Quartermaster M G Harman, Virginia Volunteers, on 11 May, 1861.

Lexington, Rockbridge County, to Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia, 11 May, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery (76), under the command of First Lieutenant J B Brokenbrough, arrived at Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia, on 11 May, 1861.

Note: Captain W N Pendleton, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was ordered to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 9 May, 1861.

Staunton to Harpers Ferry, 12-15 May, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to proceed by the Virginia Central Railroad to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 12 May, 1861, and arrived by the Winchester & Potomac Railroad via Charlottesville, Albemarle County; Manassas Junction, Prince William County; Strasburg, Shenandoah County; and Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 12 AM on 15 May, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to proceed by the Winchester & Potomac Railroad to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 13 May, 1861, and was accompanied by the Fort Lewis Volunteers, the Pulaski Guards, the Smyth Blues, the Montgomery Highlanders, the Grayson Dare Devils, and the Montgomery Invincibles/ Wise Fencibles, under the command of Colonel J F Preston, Virginia Volunteers (See the 4th Virginia Infantry).

At and in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, 14 May-15 June, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at and in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, between 15 May and 15 June, 1861.

General Orders No.23, Division Headquarters, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, 30 April, 1861: Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, was assigned to command the troops at and in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by General Orders No.23, Division Headquarters, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 April, 1861, and assumed command on 1 May, 1861.

Note: Major General K Harper, Fifth Division, Virginia Militia, was relieved from duty at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by General Orders No.23, Division Headquarters, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 April, 1861, and Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, was stationed at the Wager House Hotel, on Potomac Street, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, between 28 April and 7 May, 1861.

Advance to Williamsport, 18-19 May, 1861

Note: Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, was stationed at the United States Armory Superintendent's House, on Camp Hill, opposite Jackson Street, between South Cliff and Fillmore Streets, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 8 May, 1861, and the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, and Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 23 May, 1861.

Report of inspection made at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by Lieutenant Colonel & Assistant Adjutant General G Deas, Confederate States Army, 23 May, 1861: 2nd Virginia Infantry, Colonel J W Allen; 4th Virginia Infantry, Colonel J F Preston; 5th Virginia Infantry, Colonel K Harper; 10th Virginia Infantry, Colonel S B Gibbons; 13th Virginia Infantry, Colonel A P Hill; 2nd Mississippi Infantry, Colonel W C Falkner; 11th Mississippi Infantry, Colonel W H Moore; 4th Alabama Infantry, Colonel E J Jones; 1st Maryland Infantry, Companies A, B, C (1st), D, F (1st), G, H (1st), I (1st), Captain G H Steuart, cavalry, Confederate States Army; 1st Kentucky Battalion Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel H B Duncan; 2nd Kentucky Battalion Sharpshooters, Acting Major & Captain J D Pope; 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies A, B, C, D (1st), E, F, G (1st), H, Lieutenant Colonel J E B Stuart; 1st Rockbridge Artillery, Captain W N Pendelton; Wise Artillery, Captain E G Alburtis; Staunton Artillery, Captain J D Imboden; Newtown Artillery, Captain G A Groves; Loudoun Artillery, Captain A L Rogers; Naval batteries, Second Lieutenant C M Fauntleroy, Confederate States Navy

Note: The 1st Maryland Infantry, Companies A and B; the Letcher Brock's Gap Rifles; a section of the Staunton Artillery; the Loudoun Artillery; and the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Companies G (1st) and H, under the command of Captain T Ashby, 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company G (1st), were stationed at the Covered/ Leesburg Bridge, on the Potomac River, opposite Point of Rocks, and Potomac Furnace, half a mile south of Point of Rocks, Frederick County, Maryland, on 23 May, 1861.

Arrival at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, Brigadier General J E Johnston, Confederate States, 23 May, 1861: Brigadier General J E Johnston, Confederate States, arrived by the Winchester & Potomac Railroad at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, at 12 PM on 23 May, 1861, and was accompanied by Lieutenant Colonel E K Smith, cavalry, Confederate States Army, and Major W H C Whiting, corps engineers, Confederate States Army.

Note: Brigadier General J E Johnston, Confederate States, set up headquarters at the United States Armory Superintendent's House, on Camp Hill, opposite Jackson Street, between South Cliff and Fillmore Streets, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 23 May, 1861, and assumed command of the troops at and in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 24 May, 1861.

Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, 25 May, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Captain W N Pendleton, was stationed at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 25 May, 1861.

Advance to Williamsport, Section, 26 May, 1861

A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Captain W N Pendleton, arrived at Camp Lee/ Allen, Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 26 May, 1861, and was accompanied by two companies of 13th Virginia Infantry (See the 13th Virginia Infantry).

Note: The 2nd Virginia Infantry arrived at Camp Lee/ Allen, Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, in the afternoon on 19 May, 1861 (See the 2nd Virginia Infantry).

Troops stationed at Camp Lee/ Allen, Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, 28 May, 1861: The 2nd Virginia Infantry, two companies of 13th Virginia Infantry, and a section of 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Colonel J W Allen, 2nd Virginia Infantry, were stationed at Camp Lee/ Allen, Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, on 28 May, 1861.

Note: A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at Camp Lee/ Allen, Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, between 26 and 31 May, 1861.

Troops stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, 28 May, 1861: 5th Virginia Infantry, Company C, Captain R L Doyle; 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company F, Captain W A Morgan; 1st Rockbridge Artillery, section, First Lieutenant J B Brockenbrough

Note: The 5th Virginia Infantry, Company C, and the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company F, were stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 28 May, 1861.

Camp Lee/ Allen, Lemon's Ferry, opposite Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, to Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, 31 May, 1861: A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to proceed by the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike to Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 31 May, 1861, and was accompanied by the 2nd Virginia Infantry.

Note: A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Captain W N Pendleton, was stationed at Camp Johnston, Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 31 May, 1861.

General Orders No.25, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, 8 June, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was assigned to the Confederate States by General Orders No.25, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 8 June, 1861, and was accepted in Confederate service on 1 July, 1861.

Note: The 2nd Virginia Infantry, the 4th Virginia Infantry, the 5th Virginia Infantry, the 27th Virginia Infantry, and the 1st Rockbridge Artillery were assigned to Colonel T J Jackson, Provisional Army of Virginia, at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 1 June, 1861, and a Naval Battery (two 32 pounders and five 24 pounders), under the command of Second Lieutenant C M Fauntleroy, Confederate States Navy, was stationed at the north end of Bolivar Heights/ Furnance Ridge, west of Bolivar, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 14 June, 1861.

Sherphedstown to Winchester, Section, 13-14 June, 1861

A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of First Lieutenant J B Brockenbrough, was ordered to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 5 PM on 13 June, 1861, and was accompanied by the 5th Virginia Infantry. The section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived at Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, at 11 PM on 13 June, 1861/12 AM on 14 June, 1861.

Note: The 5th Virginia Infantry was stationed at Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia, between 11 and 13 June, 1861, and a section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery at the old Washington Fairgrounds, southeast of Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the morning on 14 June, 1861.

Old Washington Fairgrounds, southeast of Charlestown, Jefferson County, to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, 14 June, 1861: A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived at Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 9 PM on 14 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery rendezvoused at Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the evening on 18 June, 1861.

Evacuation of Harpers Ferry, 15 June, 1861

A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Captain W N Pendleton, was ordered to proceed by the Smithfield, Charlestown & Harpers Ferry Turnpike to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the morning on 15 June, 1861, and arrived at Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the afternoon the same day. The section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived by the Berryville & Charleston Turnpike at Camp Johnston, F P Frame's, on the North Fork of Bull Skin Run, three and a half miles southwest of Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the evening on 15 June, 1861.

Advance to Bunker Hill, Section, 16 June, 1861

A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 9 AM on 16 June, 1861, and arrived at Mill Creek, a quarter of a mile north of Bunker Hill, via Smithfield/ Middleway, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening the same day.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was assigned to the First Brigade, Army of the Shenandoah, under the command of Brigadier General T J Jackson, Confederate States Army, at Mill Creek, a quarter of a mile north of Bunker Hill, via Smithfield/ Middleway, Berkeley County, Virginia, on 16 June, 1861.

Bunker Hill to Winchester, Section, 17-18 June, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to proceed by the Martinsburg Turnpike to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 17 June, 1861, and arrived at Camp Carter, Carter's farm, one mile southwest of Stephenson's Station, Frederick County, Virginia, in the evening the same day.

Camp Carter, Carter's farm, one mile southwest of Stephenson's Station, to Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, 18 June, 1861: A section of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived at Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the evening on 18 June, 1861.

Thirty-first (Frederick County), Fifty-first (Frederick County), & One Hundred & Twenty-second (Clarke County), Virginia Militia, at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, 18-20 June, 1861: The 31st Virginia Militia (Frederick County), the 51st Virginia Militia (Frederick County), and the 122nd Virginia Militia (Clarke County), Companies A and D (1st), were stationed at Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, between 18 and 20 June, 1861 (See the Virginia Militia).

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery rendezvoused at Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the evening on 18 June, 1861.

Winchester to Martinsburg & Hainesville, 19-21 June, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to proceed by the Martinsburg Turnpike to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 19 June, 1861, and arrived at Darkesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 1 AM on 20 June, 1861.

Darkesville to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, 20 June, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 5 AM on 20 June, 1861, and was stationed south of Tuscarora Creek, one mile west of Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, between 20 and 21 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered south of Tuscarora Creek, one mile west of Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 5 PM on 20 June, 1861.

Martinsburg to Four Mile Woods/ Myers' Orchard, east of the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, three miles southwest of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, 21 June, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived at Camp Stephens/ Myers, Four Mile Woods/ Myers' Orchard, east of the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, three miles southwest of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 2 PM on 21 June, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at Camp Stephens/ Myers, Four Mile Woods/ Myers' Orchard, east of the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, three miles southwest of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, between 21 June and 2 July, 1861.

Skirmish at Hoke's Run/ Falling Waters/ Hainesville, 2 July, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to proceed by the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike to Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 7.30 AM on 2 July, 1861, and was accompanied by the 2nd Virginia Infantry, the 4th Virginia Infantry, and the 5th Virginia Infantry, under the command of Colonel T J Jackson, Provisional Army Virginia.

Troops stationed at the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 July, 1861: The 5th Virginia Infantry and one 6 pounder of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Colonel T J Jackson, Provisional Army Virginia, were stationed at the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 2 July, 1861.

Note: The 2nd Virginia Infantry, the 4th Virginia Infantry, and one 12 pounder field howitzer and two 6 pounder light 'Cadet' smoothbores of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery were stationed at the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, northeast of Hainesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 2 July, 1861.

Skirmish west of the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, between W Hill's & W Porterfield's farms, one & a half miles southwest of Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 July, 1861: The 5th Virginia Infantry and one 6 pounder of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Colonel T J Jackson, Provisional Army Virginia, were engaged in a skirmish west of the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, between W Hill's and W Porterfield's farms, one and a half miles southwest of Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 10 AM on 2 July, 1861.

Troops engaged at the skirmish west of the Martinsburg & Williamsport Turnpike, between W Hills & W Porterfield's farm, one & a half miles southwest of Falling Waters, Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 July, 1861: Colonel T J Jackson, Provisional Army Virginia; 5th Virginia Infantry, Colonel K Harper; 1st Rockbridge Artillery, one 6 pounder smoothbore, Captain W N Pendelton

Retreat to Darkesville, 2-3 July, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived by the Martinsburg Turnpike at Snodgrass/ Big Spring, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the evening on 2 July, 1861, and was ordered to Darkesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 3 July, 1861.

Note: The Second, Third, and Fourth Brigades, Army of the Shenandoah, under the command of General J E Johnston, Confederate States Army, arrived at Darkesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, in the morning on 3 July, 1861, and the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed east of the Martinsburg Turnpike at Darkesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, between 3 and 7 July, 1861.

Withdrawal to Winchester, 7-10 July, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 2 PM on 7 July, 1861, and arrived at Camp Carter, Carter's farm, one mile southwest of Stephenson's Station, Frederick County, via Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, Virginia, at 10 AM on 8 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed one mile north of Stephenson's Station, Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the evening on 7 July, 1861.

Camp Carter, Carter's farm, one mile southwest of Stephenson's Station, to Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, 10 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 12 AM on 10 July, 1861, and arrived at Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the afternoon the same day.

Note: Captain W N Pendleton, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was appointed chief of artillery, Army of the Shenandoah, on 13 July, 1861, and colonel, artillery, Confederate States Army, on 15 July, 1861. Colonel W N Pendleton, artillery, Confederate States Army, was assigned as acting captain, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, between 13 and 23 July, 1861, and the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, between 10 and 18 July, 1861.

March to Manassas Junction, 18-20 July, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.1, Headquarters, Army of the Shenandoah, Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, at 12 PM on 18 July, 1861.

Camp Johnston, Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, a quarter of a mile northwest of Winchester, Frederick County, to Berry's Ferry, on the Shenandoah River, three & a half miles southeast of Millwood, Clarke County, Virginia, 18 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived by the Millwood Turnpike at Berry's Ferry, on the Shenandoah River, three and a half miles southeast of Millwood, Clarke County, Virginia, at 9 PM on 18 July, 1861.

Berry's Ferry, on the Shenandoah River, three & a half miles southeast of Millwood, Clarke County, to Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, Virginia, 19 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived at Paris, Fauquier County, Virginia, at 2 AM on 19 July, 1861, and was ordered to Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, Virginia, at 3 AM same day. The company arrived at Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, Virginia, at 6 AM on 19 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery, the Thomas Artillery, and the Wise Artillery were assigned to Colonel & Acting Captain W N Pendleton, artillery, Confederate States Army, at Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, Virginia, on 19 July, 1861,

Piedmont Station, Fauquier County, to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 19-20 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Colonel & Acting Captain W N Pendleton, artillery, Confederate States Army, was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, at 7 PM on 19 July, 1861, and was accompanied by the Thomas Artillery and the Wise Artillery. The company arrived at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, via Salem and White Plains, Fauquier County, Virginia, at 3/4 PM on 20 July, 1861.

Rear of McLean's Ford, on Bull Run River, 20 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery, the Wise Artillery, and the Thomas Artillery, under the command of Colonel & Acting Captain W N Pendleton, artillery, Confederate States Army, were stationed in woods at the rear of Mitchell's Ford, on Bull Run River, on 20 July, 1861.

First battle of Manassas, 21 July, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed in woods at the rear of Mitchell's Ford, on the Bull Run River, in the morning on 21 July, 1861.

Note: One 6 pounder smoothbore of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery was assigned to Brigadier General T J Jackson, Confederate States Army, in the morning on 21 July, 1861.

Advance to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, detachment, 21 July, 1861: One 6 pounder smoothbore of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Colonel & Acting Captain W N Pendleton, artillery, Confederate States Army, was ordered to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the morning on 21 July, 1861, and was accompanued by two 6 pounder 3 inch rifles and three 6 pounder smoothbores of the Washington Battalion Artillery, 1st and 4th Companies, under the command of Major J B Walton, and the Thomas Artillery.

Advance to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, detachment, 21 July, 1861: One 12 pounder field howitzer and two 6 pounder light 'Cadet' smoothbores of the 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Colonel & Acting Captain W N Pendleton, artillery, Confederate States Army, were ordered to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the morning on 21 July, 1861.

Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed 600 yards southeast of I Henry's/ Spring Hill, on Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery, the Wise Artillery, and the Thomas Artillery were stationed 600 yards southeast of I Henry's/ Spring Hill, on Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Withdrawal southeast of Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to withdraw southeast of Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, n the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

F Lewis' farm, a quarter of a mile southwest of Lewis' Ford, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at F Lewis' farm, a quarter of a mile southwest of Lewis' Ford, on the Bull Run River, in the evening on 21 July, 1861.

List of killed, etc, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, 21 July, 1861: w 2, t 2; Wounded 2, total 2

F Lewis' Farm to Flat Run, 27 July, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived at Camp Maggot/ Mudhole, on Flat Run, three miles northwest of Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 27 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at Camp Maggot/ Mudhole, on Flat Run, three miles northwest of Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, between 27 July and 2 August, 1861.

Flat Run to Little Rocky Run & Fairfax Courthouse, 2 August-16 September, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery arrived at Camp Harman, on Little Rocky Run, one mile east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 2 August, 1861.

Note: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was stationed at Camp Harman, on Little Rocky Run, one mile east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 2 August and 16 September, 1861.

Statement of artillery, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, 31 August, 1861: Three 6 smoothbire pounder, 1841; one 12 pounder howitzer, 1841; two 10 pounder Parrott rifles, 1861

Note: Second Lieutenant W McLaughlin, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was assigned to command the 1st Rockbridge Artillery between 23 July and 10 August, 1861, and First Lieutenant J B Brokenbrough, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, between 10 and 14 August, 1861. Second Lieutenant W McLaughlin, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, was appointed captain, 1st Rockbridge Artillery, on 14 August, 1861, and Colonel J T Gibson, 55th Virginia Militia (Jefferson County), was appointed private, Rockbridge Artillery, at Camp Harman, on Little Rocky Run, one mile east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 14 August, 1861 (See the Virginia Militia, Army of the Shenandoah).

Camp Harman, on Little Rocky Run, one mile east of Centreville, to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, 16 September, 1861: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 8 AM on 16 September, 1861, and was stationed at Camp Harman, one and a half miles west of Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 16 September and 16 October, 1861.

Withdrawal to Centreville, 16 October, 1861

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was ordered to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 3 AM on 16 October, 1861.

Reorganised at Conrad's Store, on Elk Run Creek, Rockingham County, Virginia, 22 April, 1862: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was reorganised at Conrad's Store, on Elk Run Creek, Rockingham County, Virginia, under the command of Captain W T Poague, on 22 April, 1862.

Surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse, Appomattox County, Virginia, 9 April, 1865: The 1st Rockbridge Artillery, under the command of Captain A Graham, surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse, Appomattox County, Virginia, on 9 April, 1865.

Brigadier General T J Jackson, Confederate States Army, First Brigade, Army of the Shenandoah, 17 June, 1861, dated 8 July, 1861: Major T J Jackson, Virginia Military Institute, was ordered to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, at 1 PM on 21 April, 1861, and was accompanied by the Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets and Major R E Colston, Virginia Military Institute. He arrived at Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia, at 4 AM on 22 April, 1861, and by the Virginia Central Railroad at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, at 3 AM on 23 April, 1861. Major T J Jackson, Virginia Military Institute, was appointed colonel, Virginia Volunteers, and ordered to proceed by the Virginia Central Railroad to Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 27 April, 1861. Colonel T J Jackson, Virginia Volunteers, was accompanied by J Preston and J Massie and arrived by the Winchester & Potomac Railroad at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 29 April, 1861. He was assigned to command the troops stationed at and in the viciniy of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, by General Orders No.23, Division Headquarters, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 30 April, 1861, and was appointed brigadier general, Confederate States Army, on 17 June, 1861, dated 8 July, 1861. Brigadier General T J Jackson, Confederate States Army, was appointed major general, Confederate States Army, on 7 October, 1861, and was assigned to the Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, by Special Orders No.419, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 12 October, 1861.

Note: Inspector General J W Massie, Virginia Volunteers, was appointed major, Virginia Volunteers, at Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 3 May, 1861, and Major & Adjutant General J Preston, Virginia Volunteers, was stationed at the United States Armory Superintendent's House, on Camp Hill, opposite Jackson Street, between South Cliff and Fillmore Streets, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, Virginia, on 8 May, 1861.

Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, 25 September, 1861: Major General G W Smith, Confederate States Army, was assigned to the command of the Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, by General Orders No.31, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 25 September, 1861.

The 1st Rockbridge Artillery was assigned to the Fifth Brigade, Second Division, Potomac District, Department of Northern Virginia, under the command of Brigadier General R Garnett, Confederate States Army, by General Orders No.15, Adjutant & Inspector General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 22 October, 1861, and was ordered to Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia, in the morning on 6 November, 1861.

Reports

OFFICIAL REPORT No.11: Series I, Volume 2, (Serial No.2), pp185-186
Colonel T J Jackson, Confederate States Army, First Brigade, Army of the Shenandoah, dated Darkesville, Berkeley County, Virginia, 3 July, 1861

OFFICIAL REPORT: Series I, Volume 51, Part I (Serial No.107), pp34-36
Colonel W N Pendleton, Confederate States Army, Artillery, dated in the vicinity of Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 23 July, 1861

Official REPORT No.82: Series I, Volume 2 (Serial No.2), Chapter IX, pp481-482
Brigadier General T J Jackson, Confederate States Army, First Brigade, Army of the Shenandoah, dated in the vicinity of Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 23 July, 1861